Responding to religious diversity in classrooms Case Study

Responding to religious diversity in classrooms - Case field of study Exampleher customs and norms of different cultures, but one has to be prudent enough to close eristical statements and believes when the initial signs begin to show. One aim of every class teacher is to make her students a convinced(p) and appreciative member of society who can respect and give space to different cultural believes. then awareness of diversity among children is an acceptable notion .Different sessions for students and parents can be held so to spread the awareness more or less religious diversity. Workshops for parents of the mainstream culture can also be held so they can train their off springs with the discernment of acceptance. Developing a sense of sensitivity in both parent and children can help in a long run to the road of acceptance.A teacher needs to study the background and the profile of the child thoroughly and before planning keeping those distinguishing factors in mind, plan an a ctivity. And if somehow the event calls for the alike(p) activity trims and change activity for that specific child who can not perform due to his ideas or

Classical Mythology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Classical Mythology - Research stem Example.., University of..., Address Contact Abstract The present judge deals with various modes of portrayal of the character of quaint Hellenic goddess, Aphrodite, in belles-lettres (fiction) in the course of progressive development of literature. It will be argued that the changes in detection of Aphrodites image have been connected with the gradual shifts from storyological through religious to modern philosophic come outlook, and that in different epochs the character of Aphrodite was used to convey radic entirelyy different discursive meanings. Keywords history of literature, mythology, Ancient literature The Portrayal of Aphrodite in Literary Works since the Ancient Times till Post-Modernity Introduction in that respect exist different interpretations of myths in the context of literary works, with Ruthven (1976) presenting an especially coherent view of the various aspects of myth in literature. The purpose of the present study wil l be to provide a complex compend of changes in representation of Aphrodite, the Ancient Greek goddess of love, sexuality and beauty, in literature. The temporal boundaries of the study extend all across the historical spectrum, with the representations of Aphrodite in Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque literature being expounded and compared. Consequently, the main body of the essay will be constructed in accordance with chronological value. The main purpose of the present study is to level the connection between evolution in perception of Aphrodite as a literary character and the changes in general outlook of writers, and the larger society as well. Therefore it should be noted that in order to understand the image of Aphrodite the connection between literature, mythology and religion needs to be assumed. Interpretation of the Image of Aphrodite in Ancient Literature The perception of character of Aphrodite in the period of antiquity was invariably tied to the mythical and broadly religious attributes and functions, which were associated with this goddess. The very tale of her birth was closely connected with the concept of primal, chthonic powers that symbolized the belief of life ability. For instance, according to Hesiod (Theog., 189-206), Aphrodite was born out of the seed of Uranus, when the latter was gelded by his son, Cronus, in a bid for power. When the seed of Uranus fell into the sea, it came into contact with the primal force of the Earth and from this Aphrodite was born. Her traditional epithet, Anadyomene (the one hike from the sea), indicates that the connection between the concepts of primal life force and carnal love among humans was keenly felt by the Ancient Greeks of Hesiodean period. The association between the image of Aphrodite and the concept of primal life force in Hesiodean theogony is further substantiated by Hesiods mentioning that the Erynies and Gigantes were born at the same time as Aphrodite, albeit out of Uranu ss blood, not seed. This would mean that initially Aphrodite was viewed as one of the oldest powers in the universum, rather than a immaculate progeny of Zeus. Further traces of archaic vision of Aphrodites nature and powers are enhanced by Hesiods mention of Aphrodites connection with Erotos, initially an ancient deity spawned by Chaos (Theog., 116). Erotos is later mentioned as a progeny of Aphrodite (Theog., 934), finally being depicted as a child-like god of love, rather than a potent chthonic entity. This reading of the image of Aphr

The Impact of the Employee Handbook on Organizations Essay

The Impact of the Employee enchiridion on Organizations - Essay ExampleWhat is an employee handbook There atomic number 18 many attorneys with internet presences offering free advice on handbook drafting in laymans language (Dickson Wright).Look for simple definitions on the internet and you may be cross however, Schaefer goes to some trouble to distinguish it from the much larger manual of policies and proceduresAn employee handbook is designed to familiarize employees with raw material company policies and benefits programs, and although it draws topics from the far broader policies manual, it presents them with much less detail. (43)Also, the reader may have direct experience of sign an acknowledgement often including a statement, a disclaimer, to the effect that you agree that the handbook does non in itself present an employment contract (Schaefer 43) which is a key point in understanding them. Handbooks are informational, non-contractual documents that cover the employee transit from induction to discharge. Implicit in them is the legal idea of consensus in idem (agreement in the same liaison), widely acknowledged to be an advantage of these documents (Newcomb). For the purposes of this essay we result only consider large-scale enterprises which are usually where they are used.Handbooks can be most useful for employee induction, as a basis for answer disputes or reducing a companys exposure to law suits arising from health and safety legislation, claims for harassment and for unfair paper bag indeed, it could be a combination of all of these and more. Although it may be assumed that the handbook may not be well received by some employees, this misses the point in that it is a top-down, employer-created document and they moldiness comply with its rules and spirit. In a unionized workplace, much of the content would depend of the relative bargaining strengths of the parties. Employer interests will inevitably dominate and, ironically in some res pects, be separated from their employees, e.g. consider McDonalds policies on no solicitation, no loitering (McDonalds 9). It may prescribe the use of safety goggles or a uniform (McDonalds 13), hardly also describe, say, an attitude that shop floor staff must have toward customers, as illustrated by McDonalds concept of customer delight (10). If we compare and contrast the handbooks for a commercial concern, McDonalds Australia, the University of Chicago and The State of Iowa, we can identify immediately that although covering broadly similar themes, they are tailored to the organization to take account of their extra corporate culture and aims, e.g. differing health and safety requirements, differing staff profiles (diverse age group or predominantly progeny people), the mission of the organization, etc.. One is aimed primarily at inexperienced young adults, one at a take off of staff from clerical to collegiate, degree-educated academics and one at an American state with pro bably the broadest and most diverse employee profile.Handbook content is broadly similar regardless of the organizations purpose and covers matters such as absence and sick leave, benefits, curry code, health and safety, performance and appraisal,

Coursework assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coursework assignment - Essay fountbusiness to compete more successfully in the world marketplace and in its excellent emergence tool for its workforce (PRASAD, 2012 24).The International Human Resource manager is thus supposed to consider a procedure of aspects when working in multinational aspects, which includes laws of the country, the culture of people, and work conditions for expatriate as intimately as the local employees, and pay expectations.Human resourcefulness practitioners and managers usually encounter problems, for a number of reasons, when institutionalizeing employees on supranational duties and projects sometimes with disastrous results (HALVERSON, & TIRMIZI, 2008 9). A different major reason could be that HR managers send employees on international duties without offering them the necessary training or allowing a period for the transitional human body (ILES, & ZHANG, 2013 67). During this period, the human resource managers need to develop the necessary and required leadership skills for their employees, according to the employees level of authority in the host country, come up with the structures, and obtain the human resource as well as the international procedures and policies of the organization in place, which is also applicable for HR managers when sent on international duties.Companies are directed by people who have features and basic expertise which allow them to bond with the firms as well as people involved with the business. Human resource managers are thus supposed to be able to meet the numerous difficulties of performing their commitments. Human resource managers thus presume a number of roles which entail being a supervisor, figurehead, representative, and the allocator of assets as well as the resources (WILTON, 2013 7). They put down and come upon the firms objectives by planning, ordering, directing as well as controlling (NOE, 2013 127).The human resource managers are also concerned with the global alignment and c oordination of international HR policies as well as

Advantages of Single life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advantages of Single smell - Essay ExampleA single person tends to consume lesser food as compared to a whole family or a couple. Smaller housing facility can be rented or purchased out-of-pocket to the need of lesser space for a single individual. Education has become expensive around the realness and major portions of married couples incomes are consumed to support the education expenses of their children. According to a statistic quoted by Riper in his member single people are able to save around 5% of their monthly salary on average. This figure is significantly higher than the married couples who are not able to save anything beyond their seclusion funds.Single people tend to be safe from numerous causes of stress and tensions in their lives. The American form of Stress verified that stress can cause various types of health problems (Americas No.1 Health Problems). matrimonial people tend to stay stressed if they brook negative relations with their partners or have chan ge magnitude financial problems to support their households. Single people tend to be free from such worries as they have the option of leaving their negative relations and starting a new, healthier relation with the individual of their choice. oppose relations between spouse cause great stress to the participating partners, as well as their children.Single people are able to invest more time and energy in the festering of their professional lives and careers. They have the freedom to take up job opportunities according to their requirements and passion. Married women are more often than not expected to attend the children and household chores more than the men in the societies, due to which their careers are not considered as a priority. Likewise, married men king not be able to take up opportunities that might require frequent movement from one city to the other single individuals can easily military service such opportunities since they are the

Globalization and Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Globalization and Diversity - Essay ExampleThis essay discusses the globalisation, that is altering the international economy today. some activities are local in nature, many people, even today, live and work outside the international stinting structure. But the direction of change is clear. The world aims at economic growth and higher takes and in return aids towards poverty reduction. Businesses and companies project spread all around the globe as well as people, each following a different religion and speaking a variety of languages, that come unitedly for the purpose of trade of goods and services. The ability to conduct business internationally is an absolute necessity today. Business globalisation refers to a business expanding its sales and their assets over the national boundaries, involving a surge in capital, labour, goods and services. coca plant smoke is a perfect example, as they have profitably expanded their business in the global consumer market. Coca cola has u sed various tactics to achieve this. To reduce their production costs, they have established transnational corporations. They have also focused on product branding and positioning, and revised their prices according to the competition. In closing globalisation creates an opportunity for businesses to expand revenue streams, diversify risk and increase brand equity. Many companies have successfully expanded their business as a response to the drivers of globalisation. There has also been a spy development in the global strategies of companies as a response to globalisation.

Great britain world war 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Great britain world war 1 - Essay ExampleWith that Great Britain also had the mightiest Air Force in the world that spoke volumes active its stronghold everywhere other nations. Its Army comprised of 3.5 million personnel which included the most effective dependant upon(p) of the successful Allied armies that were on the main front (Stokesbury 1981). A great amount of stimulus was authentic on the part of its industries where some of these were coming down ever since the domain of a function War 1 had started. Having give tongue to that, there were many industries which had especially been set up, including the dyestuffs, chemicals, non-ferrous metal refineries, optical glass and instruments, aero-engines and aircrafts. Full employment seemed to be a norm where labor shortage was being experienced without Great Britain. Lastly, much than 1 million square miles were in the process of being added to the countrys overseas dependencies and possessions. Essentially speaking, the psychotic belief was the real reason why Great Britain found itself in a muddle before, during and after the serviceman War 1. This war had become the Great British Excuse because the economic damage that took place during this art object was irreparable. However some people are of the view that this was merely a myth whereas Great Britain went through an industrial revolution which was carried out at a very swift speed. The psychological damage that was through to the Great Britain was immense and it cannot be denied at all. In fact, British understood that they were dealt in a outlying(prenominal) worse manner than any other populace during the war years. This could have been a delusion as has been documented by several writers and philosophers. The governing class indoors the society was very painfully impact by this war and misapprehensions started to rise with the passage of time (Chalcraft 2007). These misapprehensions went far ahead than the governing class, which if see n correctly and within contexts was just now a fraction of the society. The World War 1 had a very mentally laborious affect on the British populace and the whole of Great Britain. Since the might of Great Britain was so huge, it only made more reason to fathom how it came down during the war years. The mental scars were difficult to get over with. It left quite a task at hand for the leaders that stood the test of time during the World War 1 to gather their people together and look to move ahead with a regenerate vigor and a vision to set things right. The heavy British losses during the 1916-1918 were due to a pattern of reasons. These included the lack of equipment and a generally abysmal routine observed during training sessions. Also the British army was seen to have a missing element of the killer military instinct which was necessary to reach the World War 1. The generalship was incompetent which spoke much of the already discussed trauma in this paper. therefore there w as more than a single reason why Great Britain had fallen out on the contexts of the World War 1 (Burt 2012). There were 2 million casualties during the 1916-1918 time period that spoke much of how Great Britain had been following the war years and how it had prepared itself in line with the other nations which are more or less trying their best to comply. Even though the United States, France, Imperial Russia and Imperial Germany had to go through the same ordeals, there was a characteristic trauma attached to the British legacy of the war years which continued to haunt it till

Christian Afterlife Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

rescuerian Afterlife - Essay Exampleok in the communication between God and people according to the Christian faith, the New testament (with soaking up on Paul) gives a clear vision of the life of Christians as that which already takes part in the realities of heaven. much(prenominal) Christian life is to be put into experience all after the return of Jesus Christ as well as the resurrection of human bodies.On the other hand, the Old volition book in the bible, (Note that the Bible usually is divided into two testaments- the New and the Old) shows the images of afterlife less vividly in comparing with the New Testament. As a matter of fact, the image of afterlife in the Old Testament is only developed in a modest manner. Thus, the Old Testament, instead of concentrating on the issue of afterlife, gives a commodious focus on the c ar that God offers to people in the context of earthly bestowments like yield and land. It also touches on the punishment of God to the people such as the Israelites who were not faithful as well as the pagan nations in the form of death or exile.Christians, though, view the Old Testament as promising afterlife to Gods people. For instance, there is the part in the Old Testament that talks about the promises to Abraham by God in terms of offspring/land as emblematical to his afterlife blessing. This is due to the fact that the promises given by God to Abraham were not really experienced until a long time subsequent to his demise. This sense is fully expounded upon once one reads the New Testament of the Bible. (Ryken, et al, 1998 pp16,17)Those beliefs that Christians impact be put in what is called Creeds. There are two majorly essential creeds according to the Christianity religion and these are the Nicene Creed and the Apostles Creed. They (Christians) only believe that there exists only a single God, and his nature is that of be intimate and relationship. Gods nature is vividly expressed in the Trinity belief for majori ty Christians and that these are three persons by the names

Business Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Business Research - Essay ExampleCustomer satisfaction gains all the more(prenominal) relevance in hospitality industry like the hotel industry.The Ritz hotel is one of the prestigious and luxurious hotels in France. The hotel is located at the heart of Paris in France and is one of the seven recognized Parisian palace hotels. Ritz now offers 159 rooms with suites, restaurant, bars and private salons. True to the spirit of Ritz, each room offers a harmonious rifle of modern ease and classical charm in a quintessentially French style. While there displace be many reasons to choose Ritz over others some reasons can only be experienced (Ritz Paris, n.d.). The hotel, now, plans to measure the level of node satisfaction with the help of a survey. Guest Satisfaction Questionnaire is distributed in various lymph gland rooms and suites of the hotel. This report contains the questionnaire along with proper methodology to analyze the same. A conclusion has been inferred from the analy sis and plausible recommendations are suggested to improve the dish.Customer satisfaction is majorly understood as the sense of satisfaction that a customer feels when he or she compares his or her expectations with the actual quality of the acquired service. Satisfaction is closely related to the quality of the service (Krivobokova, 2009). In the absence of customer feedback, the quality of service is extremely difficult to assess. That is why direct function of the customers is necessary to analyze the improvement activities. Since evaluation of the level of customer satisfaction demands a considerable interlocking from the customers, surveys are of paramount importance. Customer survey is a part of ancient research. In this case primary researches are used to investigate an issue specific to business and to get feedback from the customers. Primary research delivers more specific results than the secondary research. On the other hand, secondary research is done on

Assessment of recent developments in financial reporting Essay - 1

Assessment of recent developments in financial reporting - Essay Example84).This examine foc gives on the most recent trends in UK financial reporting standards analysed on the example of the Annual promulgate of bleat plc for 2004/05. The essay argues that the movement towards convergence with international news report system standards is helpful enough to provide shareholders with much transparent information on companies performance. Yet, changes that are made have their drawbacks, which are also discussed.Standartisation in accounting becomes of greater importance as business relations continue to stretch over national borders convergence into an integrated orbiculate international environment. A number of companies operating worldwide increases therefore it is more efficient to prepare one universal report for shareholders of different countries alternatively than make adjustments along with national accounting regulation policies. It is a global trend with the UK find ing itself in the middle of it. The progress toward attaining a global financial reporting framework has accelerated, and many significant steps have been taken The restructuring program, begun in 2000, is the flood tide of a series of movements toward the global convergence of accounting standards (Casabona and Shoaf 2002, p. 16).... The drive for international accounting standards seems out of solely proportion to the benefits. Most of the issues are so arcane as to be a million miles from those increasingly rare parts of economy where wealth is actually created (Hilton 2004, p. 35). Nevertheless the industry (and surely, financial reporting is the one) grows larger and requires additional activities to be implemented by companies guaranteeing their reports will be easily understood throughout the world.For instance, BAA has stated in its annual report 2004/05 the following matters that were changed- Recognition of the annual valuation surplus on investment properties in the in come statement- Recognition in the income statement of fair value gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, subject to outfox accounting- Recognition of derivative financial instruments and related hedge accounting entries in the balance sheet- Separation in the balance sheet of the debt and equity elements of BAAs cashable bonds, and a consequential increased finance cost recorded in the income statement- Recognition of a charge for share-based payments in the income statement- Valuation of the majority of operational land assets on transition and use of this as the deemed cost for future periods, in accordance with the first-time adoption rules of IFRS- Recognition of additional deferred tax liabilities, oddly in relation to temporary differences arising on investment property and operational land revaluations- Recognition in the balance sheet of proposed dividends only when approved- Changes to the format of primary statements.To be more illustrative rather than de scriptive the essay goes on

How can public transport systems be improved in the uk Essay

How can man gestate transcriptions be improved in the uk - Essay ExampleThe UK toad transport system, for example, is faced by unceasing transaction jams and expensive parking spots (Paulley et al 2006). This has c completelyed for improvement of the UK transportation system. More than other areas, the national transportation system needs improvement in order to serve members of the public better.A unspoiled public transportation system is vital in building a good society, in summing up to creating a strong economy. A good public transportation system for the UK should be fair for all users and be properly integrated to ensure the effective flow of door-to-door transport services. To achieve this, public transport stakeholders should work together with local authorities and transport operators to improve rail and public way transport (Paulley et al 2006). There should also be improved access to public transportation system through good cycle paths, roads, and sidewalks for pedestrians. Furthermore, the transport systems, especially roads should have traffic signs which go a long way in easing traffic flow, reducing accidents, and providing direction to members of the public.A good public transport will ensure that people do not use their personalized cars every meter they travel, which is important in reducing congestion on the roads (Litman et al 2008). Reduced use of personal cars will also help in reducing carbon emission and consequently contribute toward the operation of a cleaner environment. Currently, trains are found far away from many peoples places of dorm and are often congested (Wiltshire Council 2011). The current train and bus services cannot compete with personal cars in terms of cost, comfort, and convenience. Furthermore, many bus and train operators are offer low quality services, are expensive, and summon varying fares.Public transport services can be improved through the implementation of traffic management systems (Wiltshire Council 2011). This will help free buses from

Intercultural Communication Stumbling Blocks by LaRay Barna Article

Inter heathen Communication Stumbling Blocks by LaRay Barna - oblige ExampleOn the other hand, I do not agree with Barnas argument that eminent anxiety should act as a talk stumbling block since I believe that it promotes interaction in various people in order for people to overcome high anxiety, which makes them learn other languages. It is unmixed that Barnas article expounds on a challenge that every individual has faced in their life. In this case, it is evident that we have all experienced intercultural parley barriers at one point of our life by interacting with people who were different from us in our daily activities. While supporting his arguments, Barna uses real-life experiences to highlight the challenges that intercultural inter race affix on the interaction of people in a society that is increasingly becoming both multicultural and multiracial. In an approach that highlights different perceptions of people on other cultures, Barna starts by highlighting the prob lem of intercultural communication in the United States by carrying out a review of the perceptions of students from other cultures on the American cultural way of communicating. In this regard, Barna identifies reservations present in people from different backgrounds regarding the way they perceived a different cultures approach to communication. Case in point, Americans smile all the time when communicating, even to entire strangers while a foreigner plays along with the American and smiles while nodding, which to the American is indicative of effective communication although the foreigner confirms their stereotypes regarding Americans insensitivity and ethnocentrism (Barna 68). Misunderstandings and misconceptions during communication may have disastrous effects with people resulting to hate all(prenominal) other since they cannot understand the point the other was passing. In line with this, it is common knowledge that effective communication is an essential way that people u nderstood others, which means that its ineffectiveness posed a challenge. In the course of my life, I have experienced challenges that are related to intercultural communication.

Symposium Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Symposium saying - Essay ExampleThe speaker concentrated on the necessity and the importance of such type of conference as pillow talk. Amanda explained that in her research she connects this call forth after orgasm, when the level of Oxytocin which is practically called a hormone of happiness, with the increased level of intimacy and security people may experience. This physiological deposit is very important and if couples learn to open up to each other in such moments it depose benefit their relationships in general. Unfortunately, in modern culture people are taught to pay little concern to pillow talks because they can be too intragroup and often regarded as redundant. Moreover, Amanda criticizes the present state of things and explains that in a mens world, a pick up artists world in particular, a good deal attention is dedicated to the conversation that precedes depend upon and it seems that the intercourse is the final goal. While in reality sex can only be a basic level of good relationships and only meaningful discourse can bring it to a new level.The topic which Amanda Dees raises in her research looks extremely important to me because paradoxically all adult people have sex but only a small account of them are able to talk about it freely with their partners. People still feel that this is one of verboten topics and any information on it must be kept privately or delivered with the help of hints redden to their husbands and wives. This causes troubles for couples because they feel ashamed to explain each other their preferences, weaknesses, and fears, and this lack of communication on the most intimate topic provokes conflicts eventually. And it feels extremely right to make people understand that the conversations about sex and feelings are essential, natural, and and required for healthy relationships.I think that if a person takes responsibility to have sex with another(prenominal) person he/she must at least

Food Business and the Defence of Due Diligence Essay

Food Business and the Defence of imputable Diligence - Essay ExampleThe accused operator is required to establish beyond surmise that the proposed criminal offense occurred due to the fault or negligence of a person, agency or organization that was not chthonic ones direct control and that one thoroughly and credibly assured that the food items downstairs question were check up on to the extent of being reasonable (Food and Safety Act, 1990). The accused is also required to establish beyond doubt that he was totally oblivious of the fact that the proposed omission committed by him would amount to an offense under the Food and Safety Act, at some time in the future (Food and Safety Act, 1990). The court of justness accepts the defence of due diligence to be valid if the accused food operator, conclusively proves and satisfies the above mentioned requirements and corroborates really that the food items under scrutiny were never meant to be sold under ones brand name or mark (Fo od and Safety Act, 1990).In an ideal scenario, resorting to the defence of due diligence by a food operator necessitates an unwavering compliance with the spirit of this provision in the Food and Safety Act, 1990, which was introduced after a widespread public outcry following the instances of the sale of contaminated and substandard food items in the UK (Lyddon, 2005). essentially the defence of due diligence

Prinicples of Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Prinicples of Management - Term Paper ExampleBecause those works in IT incessantly assume to plan ahead for the future, this makes them the best suited to be able to agitate management styles at short notice. Also, because there is a risk involved with most forms of leadership, those in IT be able to balance the risks and rewards and choose a lucky strategy. IT managers also have to have good talk skills due to the technical terms involved this rouse be beneficial when giving simple tasks that need to be done correctly. Because IT consultants always have to take onboard advice from their customers, they are best placed to listen to the take of their staff. Also, because innovation is an important surgical incision of IT, this skill can be used to change as engineering improves. Ben quotes Machiavelli, who says that whosoever desires constant success must change his conduct with the times (Ben, 2012). Finally, a good leader inescapably to understand the needs of their emplo yees yet are aware of organizational objectives IT personnel can achieve this because they always have to satisfy a number of different people. Needed Managers Who Are Leaders - In this member by Michael Maccoby, he discusses the need for question and engineering manager to lead more than they manage. Research and technology is seen at the forefront of offering solutions to problems on a global scale. Innovation forms a big part of this since new ideas are constantly being sought. Many people find it easy to come up with new inventions these people are known more as inventors. It takes innovators to be able to take a concept and market it to a wide range of people. In order to accomplish this, high quislingism and teamwork is necessary. Jim Meier is quoted as saying that seven factors are needed for achieving high performance collaborative teams, such as common purpose, trust, clear roles and responsibility, support, directed action, continued excellence, vitality and resiliency (Maccoby, 2009, p. 58). Even though the use of teams can be helpful, something more is required. Exceptional leadership is absolutely necessary when in comes to organizing a highly successful team. Meier says that trust is a key factor when it comes to a team being able to follow everything that a manager tells them (Maccoby, 2009, p. 59). A good leader needs to contain three elements in their management philosophy ethics, moral reasoning, and practical values (Maccoby, 2009, p. 60). Developing Research/Technology Leaders - Michael Maccoby starts out with a acknowledge that most managers have had some form of training in order to make them a bust leader. Maccoby backs up this argument by saying that there are over one and a half(prenominal) million references for the Google search term leadership training (Maccoby, 2007, p. 65). However, many of these leadership training programs are ineffective. Maccoby proposes that research technology leadership training in particular should be centered on the four Ps purpose, processes, people, and presentation (Maccoby, 2007, p. 66). For the first P, purpose, technology leaders often dont understand why they are even doing a project let alone know how to successfully complete it. The first publication that leadership training should deal with is purpose, because this is the first step required to successfully run a project. For the flake P, process, leaders need to understand the role that each team member or department has to offer. in one case the process of an organization is made to run efficiently, it is that much

Negligent misstatement is based on a special relationship being Essay

Negligent misstatement is establish on a redundant descent being proven. By discussing relevant case law, explain how this - establish ExampleSpecial Relationship in negligent misstatement Special relationship in law is regarded as a situation in which a party relies on a professionals skills and figure of a professional to undertake certain actions or omissions. It is worth noting that professionals are people with impeccable fellowship and skills on myriad of issues depending on their area of expertise. Charlesworth (2008) says that due to their unique skills and experience, majority of people usually depends on their input before they act. Whenever one seeks the services of another in a professional capacity, the professional has a duty of automobilee and as such should offer his advice or act with caution. In court proceedings where the subject matter is negligent misstatement, the court considers several factors in order to determine if in that location is whatsoever fo rm of material misstatement. In fact, the courts consider three critical elements whenever they are dealing with the issue of special relationship in the context of negligent misrepresentation. One such factor is that the plaintiff relied on the skills and archetype of the suspect to make certain acts or omission. The other element is that the defendant ought to be aware or was aware of the fact that the Plaintiff was relying on him to make certain acts or omission. ... The court of appeal ceremonious that the case qualified for negligent misrepresentation by the defendant and that there existed special relationship amongst stopcock Bentley Productions and Harold smith. The case, therefore, satisfied all the requirements of material misrepresentation, which include the fact that the plaintiff, Harold Smith Ltd, relied on the skills and judgment of the defendant, Dick Bentley Productions, to make certain the decision of purchasing the Bentley. The other element is that the defen dant, Dick Bentley Productions, was aware of the fact that the Plaintiff, Harold Smith Ltd, was relying on him to make certain acts or omission. Finally, the circumstances reasonably alluded to the fact that the defendant was aware that the defendant was relying upon his advice. The defendant was a dealer in Bentley and as such he was in a check position to tell the correct mileage of Bentley because he was a dealer in Bentley. For the special relationship to hold in court proceedings involving negligent misstatement there is need to prove that, the defendant was a professional who had the knowledge, experience, and judgment on the subject matter. In Oscar Chess Ltd v Williams (1957) 1 WLR, the defendant had wrong stated the age of the car to the dealer in a part exchange transaction. The court held that although there was a statement, the defendant was not in a position to tell the true age of the car to the plaintiff since the former was not a professional in the field. The stat ement of the defendant was therefore held to be representational. In his judgment, the judge alluded to the fact that the plaintiff could have at least bothered to verify the expound that were

Diary Entry of John Proctor Essay Example for Free

Diary Entry of John Proctor EssayTomorrow is the day of my execution. For one time of my soundliness I lied, I avered to something I do not believe, I betrayed my friend. I am a earth of sin, I told Danforth that they were each(prenominal) involved in witchcraft, I thought I would not purport guilty about it since they are already dead and I am doing this for my family. My beloved wife Elizabeth ask a man in the household, and my children, they need a father. I thought putting my family as my eldest priority, even more important than honor and the truth but I am wrong, seriously wrong.I used them, my neighbors, my friends in order to persuit my sustain happiness. I used them, I am a man of sin. I am now a man of sin, and this is all because of that lustful woman named Abigail Williams. I declare that I did like her at first, her beauty deeply attracted me and I did something that was a shame for my whole life, I betrayed my wife Elizabeth. I dont know what I was think ing back than, but I certainly distress it now.Elizabeth trusted me, our family were united, everything were fabulous until that woman came into my life. If there were anyone that is actually the devil, is must be her, Abagail Williams. She didnt just ruin the life of my household, but everyone in Salem, the Coreys, the Nurses, even the Putnams were ruined because of that devil and her so called witchcraft. Because of her, nobody in Salem could live the lives they had, everyone went crazy, everybody is accusing each other in order to keep themselves away from harm. by chance Abagail didnt realise that the results result turn out to be like this, but this is reality. Its all because of her lust, her thirst for power, her wicked sick mind, its all because of her. It is Abagail that drove everyone mad. It is Abagail that made everyone suspiciouse of their neighbors and friends. It is Abagail that killed out people in Salem. And it is Abagail that made me have to lose my word, it is h er that made me confess to a lie.It is Abagail Williams who turned me into the man that doesnt worth anymore credit, it is Abagail that killed me. Abagail Williams is not saint that confessed to the truth, but a receiver that slaughtered the nice people of Salem. Tomorrow is my last day living, how will the people of Salem view me? Maybe they will take me as the villian that blackened the saints names, or maybe they will see me as a man with honor, to die like a man not a coward that wouldve done anything to save my own life. I will die like a man.

Contact Information Essay Example for Free

march Information EssayCharlotte, NC (January 1, 2013) Johnson C. Smith University is having a Whitney Houston tribute on February 20, 2013. The school choir along with death chair Carter is organizing a beautiful tribute on campus. The tribute go away be held in Biddle auditorium on that Wednesday. hot seat Carter emailed students to find out who wanted to volunteer for the result and receive community service hours. Johnson C. Smith University forget be selling tickets as well.The prices are 2$ for JCSU students, and 5$ for everyone else. Special guests will be Mariah Carey, Brand, and Chris Brown. The event has been posted in local charlotte area newspapers and it will also be discussed on the local news. prexy Carter said This event is a must see, I think myself and everyone who helped did an awesome job. I suggest everyone bob up out and see this tribute.After the event Johnson C. Smith University will have food sponsored by FDY food services. The food is free after admission and drinks are free as well. There will also be an autograph signing from the special guests after the event. Special guest Mariah Carey says Its constantly a pleasure doing events like this. Anytime I can help, and give back, Im always free to.

Significant Business Risk Factors Essay Example for Free

Signifi stopt clientele Risk Factors Essay1. Limited Shelf LifeEmpirical evidence suggests that retailers must adapt to peeled product style trends in order to satisfy consumers and other key stakeholders (Ryan, 2011). In respect to Harvey Norman (HVN), failure to adapt will entail lower consumer demand, hindering growth and profitability. It is important to note a limited shelf life of HVNs products exists due to changing trends. This in turn gives rise to the happeniness of list becoming obsolete and rising excess stock in the warehouse. Therefore, HVN should further emphasise on its inventory management, in order to minimise inventory build up and overall expenses in the entity. 2. change magnitude Competition from online shoppingStudies reveal that Australian consumers have embraced online shopping, recording a 23% growth in 2012 (Irvine, 2013). In order to combat the fierce ambition in the online trade, HVN introduced its Omni-strategy, which focused on the enhanceme nt of its digital store. There is evidence of success from this strategy with the firm recently named as The Best Multichannel Retailer in the ORIA 2013 awards (Chanthadavong, 2013).Despite this acclaim, it is of paramount importance that HVN considers enhancing its distribution channels, especially its digital store through better set on delivery quantify for online purchasesand a greater focus on personalised services for net profit empowered consumers. This will sustain consumer expectations and ensure the firm captures a greater portion of its target market (Chanthadavong, 2013). 3. Threat from domestic competitorsDespite being one of Australias retail behemoths, HVN in recent times has been battling it out in the domestic market due to growing competition. In 2012, HVN was labelled as the about expensive Australian electronic giant recording a severe slump in its determine position in comparison to its counterparts such as Dick Smith Electronics and JB HI-FI (Jager, 2013) . The underlying reason out for the slump was frequently due to the high costs from GST and compliance laws (Morley, 2013).Additionally, three of HVNs recently acquired subsidiaries failed during the 2011/2012 fiscal years. Thisproved to be a costly investment for the firm reduced its competitive position in the furniture and electrical goods attention (Coyne, 2013). Furthermore, the entitys poor pricing position detrimentally impacted the electronics giants gross sales (-4.9%) and profitability (-2.38%) (Harvey Norman, 2012). This suggests that HVN may have inventory build-up, excessive discounting and price deflation due to careen consumer demand.4. Stagnating growth in the global retail industryStagnating growth in the global retail industry has resulted in lower consumer demand and expenditure. A study from IBIS reveals that Australian appliance retailing has fallen by nearly two percent (IBISworld, 2013). Additionally, declining consumer demand has influenced a fall in the Australian sawhorse (AUD), which has negatively impacted sales in HVN Australian and international stores such as New Zealand and Ireland (Harvey Norman, 2012). HVNs 2012 one-year Report reinforces that the negative growth has inhibited a reduction of HVNs profitability, tax and thus add the risk of obsolescence of inventory.5. Natural Disasters affecting Harvey Norman StoresRecent natural disasters have damaged many HVN Australian and New Zealand stores. For instance, a fire in the storage area of Harvey Norman in Porirua New Zealand to a great extent damaged a HVN store earlier in June 2013 (New Zealand Herald, 2013). This has had detrimental impacts on HVNs sales revenue in its New Zealand market (Harvey Norman, 2012 p. 10). It is important to note that these disasters increase time wastage spent on reconstruct stores and increases the risk of overstatement of assets, as they may not have been properly removed off premises.6. tawdry advertisementIt is of paramount import ance that a company doesnt engage in false and cheapjack marketing especially if the products fail to exist in the warehouse. HVN was recently fined through infringement notices worth $6,600 for advertising stock they did not hold in a bid to mis leading customers. According to the ACCC, this act breached the employment Practices Act in promoting material. Moreover, this has had financial and non-financial impacts for the company, specifically affecting future sales and brand imageon reliability of the companys stance to deliver with full efficiency. This is also known as in operation(p) and compliance risk.7. Threat of the geographical location of franchisesAccording to the entitys 2012 annual report, franchising is deemed to be HVNs predominant source of its revenue. Whilst, HVN has franchise locations globally, its New Zealand stores attract the highest level of sales revenue (Harvey Norman, 2012). Growth in sales have peaked in stores located around the mining districts such as Western Australia, hunting watch Valley, but have dropped in performance in the capital cities such Sydney and Melbourne. A financial risk of going on concern can be indicated from here as the need of consumers shift and with competition HVN may not be selling and trading as much in the cities leading to inventory overload and incremented liabilities affecting overall business performance.8. Currency FluctuationsDuring the 2012 financial year, the AUD fluctuated a significant amount against the almost popular currency for trade (USD) by about $0.9544 to $1.1055 (RBA 2012). A fluctuation of $0.1511combined with trades amounting in millions would potentially lead to a large discrepancy to HVNs Accounts receivable and payable accounts. Additionally, a lower AUD reflects that HVN would have to increase the retail prices in order to achieve the same profit margin (Campbell Phillips 2013).Empirical evidence reveals that if the dollar drops to around $0.80AUD compared to the USD, Aust ralian consumers can expect an increase in prices of about 25% (Campbell Phillips 2013). This increase can be counteracted through hedging of the currencies, however volatility of the commodity market could potentially reduce HVNs sales. Specifically, if sales decreases the risk of inventory obsolesces and write downs through idol stock increases.

William Kaye Estes Essay Example for Free

William Kaye Estes experimentWilliam Kaye Estes is one among the founders of mathematical psychology and a leading statistical learning theorist. Estes demonstrated the comparison of data-based observations of behavior with computer simulation model. His work of mathematical psychology reflects theoretical matters relating to perception, choice, learning, memory and categorization. A major(ip) concern about the theorist is creation of clear understanding and application of statistical methods in psychology. hotshot major consideration in mathematical psychology is the application of Markov process in real smell slips. Markov process arises in statistics and probability. It is a random process whereby expected or future behavior cannot be predicted by considering past behavior (FABBS Foundation, n d). Some applications of Markov analysis in real sprightliness situation is in the case of calling go down, business behavior or progress of an epidemic. A real life situation refl ected in Markov analysis is traffic scat which is a major problem in umteen parts of the world especially developing cities.Markov process as is applied in traffic flow clearly describes probalistic behavior of traffic queues in many urban centers. This is applied properly in argonas that are closely seen especially in an intersection considering spatial extension. Markov process is applied in traffic flow in estimation of travel times that is vehicles arrivals and departure or traffic volumes through applications of origin destinations. sleuthing devices record the arrival and departure time of vehicles, airplanes or trains.Vehicle concentration at various thoroughfare segments is a clear indication of a posterior distribution which provides a clear estimate of traffic flow (FABBS Foundation, n d). Estimation of origin destinations is difficult but application of simulation model intimately finds traffic counts at intersections. Application of Markov process therefore simulate s transportation network which reflects the actual traffic counts. fictitious character FABBS Foundation. William Kaye Estes. Retrieved on 22nd July 2010 from, http//www. fabbs. org/Estes_Honor. html

The Renaissance Period Essay Example for Free

The conversion Period EssayThe period in time referred to as the reincarnation started in the late 1300s and existed by means of the 1500s. The term translates into rebirth, and describes the process of intellectual and cultural change that began in northern Italy and eventually do its panache to countries lying b arely north. In this era, Christianity began to evolve and branch into different directions, weakening the power of the church and takeing the disciplines of school of thought and science the freedom to take advanced routes encouraging scientific observation as opposed to craft faith, or reasoning (Gaardner 197, 202). These changes in Christianity, philosophy and science brought slightly the new ideas of renaissance humanism. When the power says, We articulate of renaissance humanism, since straightway after the Dark Ages in which every aspect of life history was seen through elysian light, everything once again revolved around man., he is rationalisein g how man has come to see himself in a new light.In the Dark Ages man viewed himself simply as a pitiful servant to theology, undeserving of whatever form of greatness. During the Renaissance, man saw himself not as a servant to God, but as an integral and more importantly, unique part of God and his greatness. Man began to believe that God existed everywhere and in everything, including himself, and so man could now celebrate himself and his individual achievements, which became the basis of the new cosmea view (Gaardner 197, 201). The new world view consists mainly of two things the way man viewed himself, and the way he viewed his surroundings. As previously stated, man viewed himself in a much higher light than in the previous era. He now overly had a new view of nature. Previously, the world had entirely been looked at as a flummox of preparation for the hereafter, but now it was looked at as a place to investigate and explore. there was an elicit environment of freedo m and exploration. Many race of the time were very aw ar that they were living in a special, exciting era of intellectual and cultural harvest-time, and they wanted to play an active role in it. This guide to huge advancements in all areas from the arts to the sciences, and to the ideal of the Renaissance man, the desire to be knowledge adequate in all of these areas (Gaardner 200, 201). There were three main technological developments that were necessary for the Renaissance era to come to life. The compass, which do navigation simpler and encour growd the exploration of new lands, accrual of new observations, and in establishment firearms, which gave the Europeans military power and made exploring the new lands safer, allowing them to easily overcome any native populations and most importantly, the printing press, which allowed people greater admission to all forms of information, promoting curiosity in the common person and encouraging the desire to know more, to explore, an d to ask headsprings about their surroundings.The printing press also took away the authority of the church as the only source of create verbally knowledge. All three of these developments came together to contribute to the spreading of the new world view over pertinacious distances, encouraging the growth of the Renaissance elbow grease and its ideals (Gaardner 198). The transition from a subsistence economic system to a m onenesstary economy also played a large role in the formation of the Renaissance era. The difference amidst the Renaissance economy and the economy in the Middle Ages was the formation of a large middle class. The formation of the middle class occurred during this time because at the end of the Middle Ages, large cities were fully developed, encouraging the growth of trade and commerce. A monetary economy with banking systems soon followed and the middle class was born, with people having the luxury to be able to buy the things that they needed or wanted.Th is type of system encouraged people to work harder and smarter, as opposed to feudalism, where working harder would not reap any individualised benefits. As the author puts it, This state of affairs rewarded peoples diligence, imagination, and ingenuity. New demands were made on the individual. This statement reflects the trademarks of individualism, experimentation and exploration that are present in the ideals of the Renaissance era (Gaardner 199). Another way that the printing press contributed to the Renaissance was by allowing the volume to be translated and printed in different languages. Prior to this, in the Catholic church, only priests and monks read the Bible, because it was only available in Latin. formerly it was translated and printed, an individual could read it for himself, and interpret what it said in his own way. This led to an emphasis on an individuals personal affinityship with God, and less of an emphasis on a persons relationship with his spiritual leader s. Eventually, it would lead to the Reformation (Gaardner 212). The author speaks of a new religiosity that developed during the Renaissance. He is referring to the fact that thoughts on God in his relation to the individual changed dramatically. Prior to the Renaissance, there was a belief that the priest was the only person who truly had a special relationship with God, so therefore it was entirely necessary for an individual to seek forgiveness from God through the priest.God was the only gateway to paradise, and the priest was the only gateway to God. Once the Renaissance was in progress, with its newly found importance of the individual and the office of the common person to read and interpret the Bible for himself, people began to feel that it was possible to have their own personal relationship with God with or without the betrothal of the church, which is a view that is still extremely popular today. This view was put forth by Martin Luther, one of the important contributo rs to the Reformation of the church during the Renaissance (Gaardner 212-213). Many of the new views on religion during the Renaissance were prompted by advancements in science. A new scientific method was developed during the Renaissance, and formed the basis for all of the technological and scientific advances that have been achieved from that point onward. The new method incorporated using your own senses and experiences to observe phenomena during experimentation. cardinal of the most important scientists of this time, in my opinion, were Galileo Galilei and Isaac nitrogen (Gaardner 202). Galiliei formulated the Law of Inertia, which states that a body in interrogative sentence or at rest remains in that state until an external force causes it to change. Galilei set up a simple experiment to observe what would happen when two forces acted on an purpose simultaneously. Through his observations, he found that despite what was commonly thought, an object that had been propelled into the air would follow a parabola-shaped trajectory. This would occur due to the off force of the propulsion of the object, combined with the force of gravity pulling the object down towards the earth (Gaardner 205-208). Newton used his own observations to formulate the Law of Universal Gravitation, which states that every object attracts every other object with a force that increases in proportion to the size of the objects, and decreases in proportion to the distance between the objects. He used his newly formulated law in conjunction with Galileis previously stated law and observations to explain exactly why the planets traveled in elliptical orbits around the sun.It is the result of two forces acting on an object simultaneously linear movement from the force applied to the planets during the birth of the solar system, combined with the movement towards the sun due to its gravitational pull. The combination of these two forces, as Galilei previously stated, is what creates t he elliptical movement. Newton was able to show that the same laws applied to every heavenly body in the universe, thereby proving that there was not a special set of laws that applied to the heavens, and a separate set of laws for the earth. This caused the people of the time to demoralize to question exactly what their place was in the universe(Gaardner 209-211). To this day, we are still making discoveries that lead people to question what their place is in the universe, and if their belief in God is logical or not. Scientists have made and are constantly on the verge of making some huge, definitely stunning advancements, and it inevitably causes people to further question what their place is in respect to the world, the universe and in God. For example, the issues of stem cell research, cloning, and the manipulation of genes are all very controversial at this time, because people are forced to see that man has the ability to create life in a lab, and that he displace go on to guide life in almost any direction he may choose, he can play God, as many people say. My own opinion on science is that it is something that must move forward.There is no reason to fear science. When I analyze each of the topics mentioned above, I can not think of any logical reasons why we should not proceed experimenting with them. They are simply processes that occur naturally already, we are only directing them to proceed in a manner that will be as beneficial to us as possible. As far as what this means for religion, faith will of all time be what it has continuously been faith. True faith is unshakeable, as mentioned by Gaardner in respect to Isaac Newtons belief that his findings only supported produce of the existence of of the great and almighty God (212). Who is to say that all of these magnificent discoveries and the intricacies on which they are establish are not guided by the hand of God? As to the question of our own age that we are living in, I think that in many aspects it is very similar to the Renaissance era. There is definitely a heavy belief in the importance of the individual, so much to the point that I think you could say there is a strong trend towards selfishness and indifference. I think this has been reflected especially in the area of the family unit, with the high rates of divorce and single parent homes. People no longer flooring their life decisions on what will be best for the family unit, but what will make me happy. There is also a similarity in that many people no longer feel the need to impact the church in their relationship with God. While most people still have a strong faith in God, or some form of Creator, church attendance has reached record lows. Some people believe that science has become the new religion, but I think that mankind will always feel the need to believe that he will somehow be allowed to continue on, as conclusion seems much too simple of an ending to the elaborate design of a human being and t he world around him. Despite our many similarities to the Renaissance, I think that our era can be defined as the Age of Technology. I believe this era began with the inventions of the computer and the internet. Like the printing press during the Renaissance, these two developments allow the rapid dissemination of information across vast distances. The discovery of these systems has revolutionized every area of science, allowing information to be rapidly computed and shared. I think that we are still in the very infantile stages of the Age of Technology, and we can only wonder what developments will arise by the time a new age begins. whole caboodle CitedGaardner, Jostein. Sophies World (188-215).

A Taste of Honey Essay Example for Free

A sense of taste of h 1y EssayA Taste of bed is a kitchen sink drama, set in the ca-caer(a) 1950s. It follows the volatile relationship of a go and daughter, and the problems that they fix to overcome. A Taste of Honey presents the harsh populace of what life was like for the working classes.The playact explores a variety of controversial issues, which especially in the 1950s, single happened behind closed doors, and would stick raised serious questions in society.In A Taste of Honey Helen is portrayed as a bad yield, she cargons more nearly drink and men than her own nestling and at that place are several preferences to Helens alcoholism with and throughout the play. In a strict and traditional society, it would have been almost unforgivable for a teenage girl to have a child and raise it on her own as Jo ends up doing and Helen did forward her. Racism overly plays a factor in the play as the father of Jos unborn child was black and people felt truly strongly some this sort of involvement at this time, including Jos mother. A Taste of Honey shows an insight to the problems and strains that can be brought on by the above issues and those that the working class suffered.In the opening view of A Taste of Honey you are introduced to Jo and Helens new flat. It is a run down, dingy, old place and is all that Helen can afford. The optimism that Helen carries is shown right by as when Helen first walks in she is optimistic about the situation by saying, Well This is the place. Which shows she has quite an easy-going hail to life as long as she has the necessities in life. Jo then replies with, I dont like it, which straight away(predicate) shows the conflict between the pair and how different their personalities are from one some other. You can clearly decide form the dialogue between the pair that Helen has never taken care of Jo properly, Jo I dont owe you a thing, and Helen Do you want me to carry you about? which is basically saying anticipate after yourself.At this point Helen is already drinking and Jo says, You make me sick, in reference to her drinking, which shows that, she disapproves and that it sickens her. It also makes you ask the question, why does Helen drink? Jo also addresses her tacit as Helen, this shows us that there is nothing maternal between the two and Jo obviously doesnt see her as a motherly figure. They also both talk to the audience in third person about one another saying things much(prenominal) as, Helen Wouldnt she get on your nerves and Jo Shed lose her learning ability if it was loose, you cannot see an inch of respect between them and although some people dont forever and a day have a genuinely good mother and daughter relationship there isnt a trace of any bonding or fondness between them.However you do see Helen show a genuine interest in Jo when she sees how good her art work is, although as she stumbles upon it by mistake it shows the distance they have from one another as Jo has never shown her the work before and Jo is quite taken aback by the interest from her mother and says, Why are you so suddenly interested in me anyway? which reflects the lack of support that Jo has received. though language, humor and sarcasm used between them you can see the lack of respect and their clear differences such as Helen being a lot more optimistic and wild to Jos more realistic and possible approach to life. You can see Helens wild side through her drinking problem, references to men, Handsome, long-legged creature undecomposed the way I like em, her outbursts of singing and the basic fact that she was obviously out doing her own thing when she should have been taking care of her daughter and not kicking her out of bed when she had male allianceto a fault when Helen finds out that her daughter stole the bulbs she is happy and approves, this shows Helens true colours and how she goes about life she doesnt intellectual taking things that arent hers as long as she gets what she wants. Helens life runs along the same lines as you only go away once, as she lets nothing set her back and she also makes regular comments about death and doesnt look upon it as a big thing really. This contrasts to Jos comment in guess 2, characterization 2 where she says, We dont ask for life, we have it thrust upon us. I think that Jos out look on life is that it is hard and unfair she has al shipway had to fight for her self as Helen has never been there for her, and so she doesnt expect the good things to happen in her life.Jo and Helens relationship about men in bite 1, scene 1 is also precise strange, as Helen has clearly had many men in her life as when Peter is introduced Jo says in a very matter of fact way, Whats this one called? Jo doesnt seem to think of men as a necessary physical object in life and seems to think of men in a more amorous way than Helen and mentions love as well. However in Act 2, scene 2 she has Geoff and although she isn t linked to him in a romantic way at all she still likes the stability of a man looking after her in her life and would rather have a man than a woman present at the support of her child.In Act 2, scene 2 where the birth of Jos child is looming, Helen isnt there but comes back before she has it and she shows a different approach towards Jo. Although she shows her true side by being nasty to Geof for no basis when she owes it to him to be nice as he has been taking care of her daughter, she does show genuine concern for Jo, How are you, love? and makes enquires about the birth and her pregnancy. She has also made an effort to buy things for the baby and seems to be a lot more motherly towards Jo now. This time round it is Helen making the effort to make the place look nice, and Jo doesnt seem to care about her living arrangements which is a mirror to the attitude of Helen in Act 1, scene 1.Helens effort that she puts into her relationship with Jo is much more motherly and dong thin gs such as, stroking her hair, caring for her, also by saying things such as, well get morbid, this is showing a different side to Helen as in Act 1, scene 1, she is very open about death and talks about it on a regular basis. This is also ironic as she is usually the one that is being morbid, not Jo. Also by talking about the children outside shows a total change in causa and you see the nice side of Helen. Whereas Jo seems to have turned more like her mum, by not really caring and expecting others to do things for her, such as Geof although Jo is never nasty towards him.Although Jo and Helen dont get on with one another in Act 1, scene 1 and Act 2, scene 2 you can see the differences between them. In Act1, scene 1, Helen is very distant from Jo, which Delaney shows through the dialogue and language used between them. She also shows this through the use of talking in the third person, wouldnt she get on your nerves? However in Act 2, scene 2 she seems to be trying to come closer t o her daughter, by taking an interest in her and just genuinely being more caring. You also see a change in character with Jo, who in Act 1, scene 1 Delaney portrays her as the parent, with her doing things such as cleaning, but by Act 2, scene 2 when she is about to become a mother herself she is more childlike, this can be shown through the stage directions of Jo throwing the pretend doll that Geof gets her because its the wrong colour. She acts like a spoilt child who comes across as ungrateful and shows no maturity in her at all.I think that in Act 2, scene 2 their relationship has progressed form Act 1, scene 1 as Helen is more of a mother figure towards Jo. However I dont think that they will have a good relationship, as Helen isnt very supporting when she finds out about the colour of the baby. When she is asked what shell do she replies, drown it, and she goes back to her old ways of drinking. This also suggests that she drinks to drown her sorrows. Also she leaves Jo on her own at a time that she needs her and there is some uncertainty about whether or not she is coming back. This sums up their relationship as one that is rocky and that there is no stability at all.

Microsoft Excel Essay Example for Free

Microsoft Excel EssayF(x) = x2/36, for 0 thru 6, this is the dissemination function that can be further simplified r1 = x2/36, to simplify set the equation equal to r1 x = 6 * SQRT (r1), final equation. muzzy Revenue rave Copies demonstrates a uniform probability distribution as it pertains to the number of copies sold per day. The average sale is between 2,000 through 8,000 copies a day, at $0. 10 a copy. This number is de noned on the excel spreadsheet as r3 by generating a random number between 2,000 and 8,000.To conduct the tot up amount of business lost on any given day, the following calculations utilized Lost Revenue = repair time * r3 * 0. 10 The total amount of lost revenue is $20,166. 30. This number is not totally accurate, but is an approximation of lost. The amount will always change significantly because r1, r2, and r3 are numbers racket generated randomly. To get a close approximation the breakdown will have to consist of 365 to account for the total days in the year. Also, the lost revenue could be determined another way.Too calculate this amount, triune the repair days and the estimated number of loss customers, multiplied by the number of copies that could have been produced, not exceed 365 days. It will benefit Jet Copies to purchase a new copier. Their lost revenue exceeds the cost of get a new copier by $12,166. 30. Jet Copies could afford to purchase two new copiers at the loss Jet Copies will experience. The answer illustrated in the excel spreadsheet I am very overconfident with. Regardless of how many times I run the simulation, the numbers will never be the kindred because they are random.There are many limits to the study. First, the time up to a year will not always be accurate. Also, if you change one number, the whole spreadsheet numbers change. But of most importance, the simulation need to be generated several times to come as close to accurate as possible, concerning revenue loss. Jet Copies simulation results ar e located in the Excel document uploaded to assignment 1. Reference Taylor, B. M. (2010). Introduction to counseling Science (10th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson/Prentice Hall.

The advantages of farming over hunting and gathering Essay Example for Free

The advantages of dry land over run and gathering EssayEven thought farming is harder than hunting and gathering, there are many advantages in farming. Farmers can produce more feed then hunters and gatherers can gather. Farming lets people arrive on a steady food show tout ensemble year long. Farmers usually nurse surplus, so they can become bigger families then the hunters and gatherers. Farmers dont have to travel like the hunters and gatherers they have a settled life, they dont have to travel, and they take up less space. Farmers can live almost anyplace where the soil is fertilized. Farmers dont have to farm all day they can work as both(prenominal)thing else (such as a craftsperson).Farmers can produce a multitude of food. They have a surplus so they can have a steady balance of food. Hunters and gatherers lean have a surplus so they dont always have a steady food supply all year.Farmers can have many children because they have a surplus of food. Even if hunte rs and gatherers wanted to have many children they wouldnt be able to because they wouldnt be able to feed them.Because farmers produce their food they dont have to move. Farmers dont have to move so they take up less space. Hunters and gatherers who hunt for their food have to move when food gets scarce.Hunters and gatherers have to hunt for food so they have to work all day. The farmers can spend some their time farming and use the rest of their time to become a toolmaker, a builder, a fisher, a craftsperson, a priest, leader, etc.These four ways prove that between farming and hunting gathering farming has an advantage.

Disadvantage of democracy Essay Example for Free

Disadvantage of democracy EssayThe particular blemishs of democracy be a general escape of accountability, the prospect of personal interest becoming the frequent factor in decisions, and negative financial implications. A democracy lays the billet to make decisions in the men of the majority. This, ironically, places an emphasis on some(prenominal) single and group power. A group controls the decision-making process, but an influential individual can control the group. The issue with democracy, in spite of the power of the people to control the decision-making process, is that there is no sense of accountability when the group makes a decision that turns out to be a mischievously one. counterbalance particularly influential individuals in the group who may have persuaded the majority to vote for what led to the bad decision is free from blame because, ultimately, everyone in the group is responsible for his or her choice. In this way democracy, although a group-orient ed approach, can become very much somewhat what individuals believe is best for themselves and not for the majority. This type of decision-making alike can be very expensive and have negative financial implications. First, a considerable aggregate of money can be spent in persuading voters to support an idea or cause. Second, voters may c bess an idea or cause, such as lowering taxes, because it sounds ideal when, in practice, it could lead to financial disaster. Disadvantages of expanseMaking the wrong choiceIn a egalitarian coarse, it is the common man who has the supreme dependable to choose their legislature and their prevailing authorities. As per a general study, not all the people are completely conscious of the political circumstances in their nation. The common masses may not be acquainted of the political matters in their society. This may lead to common man taking an erroneous endurance during resource.Authorities May Lose focusAs the government is bound to cha nges and modification after each(prenominal) election tenure, the authorities may function with a interim objective. Since they have to go through an election procedure after the conclusion of each tenure, they may lose focus on functioning in effect for the citizens andinstead might concentrate on winning elections.Hordes Have InfluenceA further disadvantage of democracy is that hordes can manipu youthful citizens. People may vote in support of a party under the promoteure of the bulk. Constrained or influenced by the ideas of those around, an individual may not put crossways his/her accurate judgment.Democracy averts radicalism and encourages teamwork and synchronization. It also slows things down, stops those in authority doing what they wish regardless of the majoritys desires. Since the force incursion into the Nigerian political scene on January 15, 1966, all the woes of this country are dictated on the legions. Most Nigerians do not want to hear the word forces. They see the military as synonymous with evil. But does the military symbolize evil? Colonel Muamma Gaddafi is a military officer who seized power from the Libyan Monarch in 1969. Colonel Muamma Gaddafi as a military leader, was able to transform Libya to the envy of the creative activity so much that other nationals including Nigerians are queuing at the Libyan embassy for her visa.Under a military leadershiphip in Libya, Nigerians are rushing to the country on a daily basis because the country has a lower inflation of 1% than that of Nigeria which is 20% and a per capita of $8,400 while Nigerias per capital is $50. If military political science is synonymous with evil, why are Nigerians running from a country that is under courteous retrieve to a country which is under a military leader? gold coast, our neighbouring West African country was also change from a corrupt and poverty stricken nation it was, to a transparent and an accountable nation by a military officer, Flight lieu tenant, John Jerry Rawlings. At the moment, Nigerians are running to live in Ghana because the country has ameliorate tremendously in terms of economy and infrastructural development.Ghana has also attained democratic produce and stability having transited from one democratically elected government to another two clocks. However, let us now compare and contrast the difference among military and civil rules in Nigeria. Nigeria gained independence from Britain on October 1, 1960. Out of the 50 years of Nigerias existence as an independentnation, the military has ruled the country for 29 years. Within the 29 years the military ruled the country, 3 years were used to occupy the Nigerian civil war, between 1967 to 1970, this means the military actually spent 26 years to rule the country. Out of the 50 years of the nations existence, civilians have ruled for 21 years. So, the difference between the years the military have ruled the country and those of civilians nine years. The quest ions one is asking are, if the military has washed-up the country within the space of 29 years as claimed by the civil leaders, cant the civil leaders repair it within a space of 21 years?How long does it chance on to repair what is damaged? What has the civilian leaders be able to remedy since they have been ruling the country? Since Nigeria returned to democracy in 1999, we are still hearing the same old song by politicians, You have it away the military have destroyed the country and you know that it is not easy to repair what has been destroyed. I find this excuse unacceptable to the Nigerian people because something that was destroyed can be repaired. For instance, Germany, France, Austria etc were devastated during the first and plunk for World War but today they have rebuilt to enviable status. Of all the things the military destroyed, which of them has the civilian leaders been able to put right? Some politicians who are out to deceive the poor masses depart say that th e smite civilian regime is better than military regime.But is it always true that the worst civilian regime is better than military regime? Politicians are also quick to say that at least we can talk now that we are in a civilian regime and that we could not talk during the military administrations. I found this argument very amusing because our mouths were not muzzled by the military during their administrations. I make bold to say that we spoke more during the military administrations than we do today because because we all saw the military as our common enemy and were united to fight against them. There were so many civil society organizations such as national Democratic Coalition (NADECO) which was headed by late Pa Adekunle Ajasin, Campaign for Democracy headed by late Dr. Beko Ransom Kuti, Civil Liberties Organization headed by motive President of Nigerian Bar friendship ( NBA ), Olisa Agbakoba (SAN), Afenifere, the Yoruba socio- cultural group headed by late Pa Abraham A desanya, Association of Senior staff Union of Universities, headed by the INEC Chairman, Professor Atahiru Jega, Petroleum and Natural Gas Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (PENGASSAN ), headed by Chief Frank Ovie Kokori etc.These civil society groups spoke openly against the ills of the military and sent them back to the barracks. At that time too, journalists engaged in revolutionary journalism which made the press very vibrant and added impetus to the voice of the masses. During the military era, television and radio stations were mostly possess by both states and the federal governments. DAAR communications, owner of African Independent Television and Ray power radio receiver station and Minaj television and FM radio station which started in 1994 were the only privately owned ventilate organizations in the country, the rest belonged to both the states and federal governments. Would the governments have allowed the masses to use their media to criticize them? There is no gov ernment that allows such a thing in any part of the world. Let us discover that we did not talk during military administrations, what have we achieved since 1999 that we have been talking? Have those who claimed to be representing us both in the State Houses of Assembly and the National Assembly ever taken our advise?We said the National Assembly should pass the Freedom of Information Bill into law, have they done it since it was introduced into the house? We said the judge Mohammed Uwais recommendations on Electoral Reform be adopted by the National Assembly, have they adopted them? The federal governing body has earmarked 6.6 billion towards the celebration of Nigerias 50th anniversary, which the masses condemned in totality, yet the federal official Government is bent on wasting such amount of money on the celebration of failure. Will the States and Federal Governments ever listen to the masses? We said the huge allowances our so call representatives are receiving should be r educed, did they crack to reduce their allowances? A senator receives 45 trillion allowance quarterly, while each member of the House of Representatives receives 27.2 million allowance quarterly. Each senator receives 500 million constituency development allowance yearly which is not accounted for.Their salaries and other benefits are not included these allowances. Is there justification for such huge allowances considering the fact that they sit for 180 long time in a year? Can we say with a sense of pride that the lives of Nigerians have improved positively since we returned to democracy in 1999? Let me make it clear that democracy is not just about having freedom to talk, it goes beyond mere talking. Democracy is about quality leadership that translatesinto accelerated development and growth in all areas of human aspirations. Democracy goes beyond just having civilians in government. Any administration, be it military or civil government that cannot better or improve the lives of the people is a monumental failure. The main(prenominal) purpose of governance is to coordinate and harness the wealth of the people for an effective development that will leaven the standard of living of the people.Have we seen such achievements and development since 1999? Let us compare and contrast civil administrations since 1999 till date and military administrations from 1985 till 1999 when the military handed over the reins of power to civilians. We shall start this semblance with the economy. Before the civilians took over government in 1999, a 50 kg bag of rice was exchange for N2,500, today it is selling for N8,000. A small bag of beans that was sold for N1,800, now sells for as much as N7,000. Is this not outrageous. Before the commencement of the Obasanjos regime in 1999, Nigerians were able to eat twice daily. sunrise and night, which was popularly called one zero-one. At present, most Nigerians eat once daily, which is popularly called zero one- zero.Is this not lapse? If the agricultural sector is well funded and productive, why are prices of foodstuffs on the increase? The unemployment rate has gone up drastically because many industries are closing down while some are relocating to our neighbouring countries due to lack of regular supply of electricity. The Obasanjos regime in 1999, inherited 3,500 megawatts of electricity from the military, today it has reduced to a mere 2,500 megawatts for a population of 150 million people. The problems of industries and other organizations that consume large quantity of electricity are compounded as a result of the high monetary value of petroleum products such as petrol and diesel. These products are used to power generators which provide alternative power for industries. As at the time Nigeria return to democracy in 1999, the prices of petroleum product were cheap. But before ex-president Olusegun Obasanjo, who also doubled as petroleum minister, left office in 2007, he had increased the pric es of these products eleven times. A litre of kerosene that cost N9.00 in 1999, now sells for N125.00. Petrol that cost N11.00 at that time, now goes for N65.00 while diesel that cost N10.00 then now sells for N120 per litre.

Travel and Don George Essay Example for Free

Travel and Don George EssayThe writer, Don George, beat ups a perplexity every time he travels. Even though he has been a certain place before, he still gets surprised. He calls change of location his mental picture-puzzle of the realness. The reason he has been travelling around the world was because he would like to understand everything by experiencing it. After some of his first trips, he got a employment as a travel writer so he could continue travelling and writing around it. Now Don George has a daughter which globe he uses to point out how many a(prenominal) countries he has travelled to which is more than sixty countries. As he travels he keeps on gathering more pieces to his picture-puzzle. He believes that the travels bring him closer to God. Don George ends up believing that maybe the puzzle is God and all his travels and attainments are incantations, prayers and koans. He thinks that the best thing we can do in life is to nobble the things into ourselves and then give it back to all the new places and new people we encounter. If you keep travel and die enough, you would contain everything inside you. travellingFor me, travelling are many things and it can include recreation, vacation, tourism and many other possibilities. Travelling for me excessively means stepping out of my comfort zone. It means expanding my horizon, literally and figuratively. Im also very amazed and surprised every time I travel. There are so many different cultures and people have so many different traditions. I always collar something when I travel. I can chose to let it slip away or I can pick out to take my implements and learn it into myself. Its about challenging the things I thought I knew.Travelling is fable down at the pool relaxed with a cold drink, it? s feeling welcome somewhere, even if I dont know anyone. Travelling means taking my camera with me everywhere I go. Travelling is walking so more that my feet hurts but you keep saying to yourself there are so much more to experience. I don? t have to go to another country to experience something new. Travelling can be local, regional or international. It doesnt matter where I am in the world, I will always come home with new wisdom. But travelling can also be something else.I live in a small provincial town where the possibilities for youngsters to experience and get educated are limited. After Ive graduated high school I would like to feign to Copenhagen to study. For me, going to Copenhagen to be educated and live there would be a travel. Frederikshavn and Copenhagen are from my point of passel totally different. Even though Ive been to Copenhagen many times, I still see it as a travel. I can go there as a tourist, I can go there to be in a tournament, it can be a business travel or I can go vi set my family and friends.And if I lived in Copenhagen I would travel around the city experiencing, instruction and seeing new things everyday. For me traveling can also be bor ing. Travelling by train, bus, plain, ship, cars such as public transport can be a downside. I dont like to sit in a train for several hours getting bothered by the person besides or in front of me talking about the party the have been to or about their grandkids or communicate me a thousand questions Jesus am I going to hear your ignorant voice for fiver more hours?Besides that I absolutely love to travel. It doesnt matter if its near me or far away, whether the climate is cold or warm, it is about living and learning. Soon Im travelling to USA for two weeks, I cant wait to experience the culture and the pulse of the consume of opportunities. The best times in my life has been while travelling, alone, together with my family, with friends, classmates or my teammates. So the wise haggle of the great Danish author Hans Christian Andersen to travel is to live are 5 words screen my attitude to travelling.

Ethical Issues in Paediatric Wards

Ethical Issues in Paediatric WardsSmith, a five-day- anile newborn, experienced a decrease in oxygen saturation and abdominal distension. Abdominal radiograph indicated judiciousise air in abdomen. When obtaining the comply for surgery, the p arnts refused the use of note or communication channel products, because both of them were Jehovahs learn (Meadow et al., 2010). There atomic number 18 no absolute rights or wrongs to this case, which is based on a deduction of this clinical scenario. The aim of this essay is to explore the good and cultural issues in nursing practice. Because of these problems, there atomic number 18 more than one solution in clinical settings to preserve human lives impoverished form blood blood transfusions without violating their beliefs.Ethics is a branch of philosophy concerned with the study of rational processes for finis-making. When the parents decision is not the trump interest for the nestling, the paediatric nurse should advocate for him in order to cling to his rights to receive give-and-take agree to the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia (ANMC 2006). The first step for the nurse in resolving the ethical dilemma like this is to provide information to the parents honestly about the sisters diagnosis, treatments, outcomes and risks. This enable the parents to make free and informed decision (ANMC 2006 Janine William 2010). During the discussion between the health practitioners and the parents, fully explained situation may help the family fetch that the decision may not the outmatch choice for the child. Next, health practitioners should strive to remain truly object lens and avoid all personal, racial, cultural, religious or other bias when counselling or caring the child and the family. The parents autonomy should also be respected during the practice (ANMC 2008b). Thirdly, nurses should respect of the parents competence. Competence implies the parents level of understanding that allows them to view up the ethical issues posed by a clinical situation, assimilate these and reach a rational decision.Culturally effective paediatric health care can be defined as the rake of care within the context of appropriate physician knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of all cultural distinctions leading to optimum health outcomes. However, there sometimes has the conflict between the parental authority and the childs best interests. On the one hand, Australia Nursing and midwifery Council (2008a) states that nurses should respect the culture, values, beliefs, personal wishes, and decisions of the diligents and their families. Moreover, a basic principle in law is that a minor cannot accede to medical treatment until he or she was of or to a higher place the age of 14 years old in New South Wales, 16 years old in South Australia or 18 years old in other states. As a result, the parents, or the legally pointed guardians of the child have the rights to make the decision for tr eatment (Janine William 2010). On the other hand, the patient must always come first, before any vested interest of any third party including health practitioners as well as the parents, guardians, extended family and society. Brody and Aronson (cited in Tabak Zvi 2008) argue that the patient has the fundamental right to quality medical care and the best treatment. Zohar and Langham (cited in Tabak Zvi 2008) claim that parental consent to medical treatment may negate patient autonomy. In a conflict situation as described here, when informed consent is not forthcoming, the nurses important role in working is to seek an alternative decision (Tabak Zvi 2008). Where a parent or guardian refuses consent to use blood products in the emergency treatment of a child (less than 16 years of age), the local, state, territory or national legislation or guidelines in regarding consent for a medical procedure must apply (Australian and New Zealand Society of Blood transfusion Ltd 2011). Slon im et al. (2008) states that the administration of blood products to children is a common practice in academic childrens hospitals Complications associated with these transfused products are rare. When blood transfusions are deemed necessary for an immature minor.Jehovahs Witnesses believe that receiving blood from other people will prostitute their relationship with God. However, it is true that tart blood loss has been associated with increased mortality for decades a blood transfusion is the best way of replacing the blood quickly (BloodSafe 2008). Due to this, several methods have been used to protect their autonomy in emergent situations where blood or blood product may be used. sureness of the Public Advocate (2010) introduces the guideline of Jehovahs Witnesses and Blood blood transfusions to assist physicians and other health workers to contain with this kind of dilemma based on Guardianship and Administration mould 1986, Medical Treatment Act 1988 and Human Tissue Act 1982. In Victoria, most Jehovahs Witnesses have a No Blood Card. It indicates that the person who hold this card will not receive blood or blood products in no circumstances (OPA 2010). Furthermore, there are blood transfusion alternatives, and practices that use no blood for elective or non-emergency surgery or as a result of traumatic injuries to care for the medical needs of patients who did not wish to receive blood products or blood transfusions during medical care. The 2009 link of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland guidelines recommend the method of cell salvage in cases where patients have refused to use allogeneic blood and blood products (cited in Ashworth Roscoe 2010). Goldberg and Drummond (2008) states administration of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is effective solution to treat Jehovahs Witness patients with life-threatening bleeding associated with haemophilia or trauma. Schmitt el at. (2008) recommend the use of autologous marginal blood stem cell organ transplant for high-dose chemotherapy without support of allogeneic blood products.In conclusion, clinical problems with significant ethical and cultural implications pose an ever increasing dilemma in everyday medical practice in the 21st century and rarely present a simple solution. The paediatric nurses role is to advocate the childs best interest when the parents decision is contradictory. Individuals religions and cultural beliefs should be respect. In clinical settings, there are increasing options other than blood product transfusions for those who refuse blood transfusions.ReferenceAshworth, A, Roscoe, A 2010, Safety of cardiac surgery without blood transfusion a retrospective study in Jehovahs Witness patients,Anaesthesia, vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 758-759.Australia Nursing and Midwifery Council 2006, National Competency Standards for the Registered Nurse, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Dickson.Australia Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008a, Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Dickson.Australia Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008b, Code of victor Conduct for Nurses in Australia, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Dickson.Australian and New Zealand Society of Blood Transfusion Ltd 2011, GUIDELINES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF BLOOD PRODUCTS, Australian and New Zealand Society of Blood Transfusion Ltd, Australia, Sydney.BloodSafe 2008, Children receiving a blood transfusion a parents guide, BloodSafe, Australia.Goldberg, R Drummond, KJ 2008, Recombinant activated factor VII for a warfarinised Jehovahs Witness with an acute subdural haematoma, Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 1164-1166.Janine, F William, J 2010, Health care the law, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia, Rozelle.Meadow, W, Feudtner, C, Antommaria, A, Sommer, D, Lantos, J 2010, A Premature Infant With Necrotizing Enterocolitis Whose Parents Are Jehovahs Witnesses,Pediatrics, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 151-155.Office of the Public Advocate 2010, Jehovahs Witnesses and Blood Transfusions, Office of the Public Advocate, Australia, Melbourne.Schmitt, S., Mailaender, V., Egerer, G., Leo, A., Becker, S., Reinhardt, P., Wiesneth, M., Schrezenmeier, H., Ho, A.D., Goldschmidt, H. Moehler, T.M. 2008, Successful autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in a Jehovahs Witness with multiple myeloma review of literature and recommendations for high-dose chemotherapy without support of allogeneic blood products, International ledger of hematology, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 289-97.Tabak, N Zvi, MR 2008, When parents refuse a sick teenager the right to give informed consent the nurses role 2008,Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25, 3, pp. 106-111.Xiaoyan Tang110076121

Personal Reflections On Case Discussion Group Nursing Essay

Personal Reflections On Case Discussion Group nurse EssayIt seems an almost impossible task to me to be able to encapsulate all my reflections on the previous(prenominal) year of our CDG in this report. At this point in writing I am wondering whether this persuasion is a reflection of find outing overwhelmed by my memories of the past year. Therefore, I have decided to break up certain aspects of the group in order to help me make sense of my experiences and reflect on what was striket. novelty and difference within the groupThere argon seven trainee members in our group ( wizard male and six-spot females) and we had a male facilitator. We quickly noticed the abundance of similarities between members of the group. All the trainee members of our group live in London and we all had our adult mental health placement in the resembling trust in London. Interestingly, we to a fault discovered that our facilitator was based in London on his clinical days and lived in the same bea a s devil of the trainees in the group. All the trainee members atomic number 18 also relatively close in age (25-32 years).Our group members come from a range of social and heathen mainstaygrounds, which was illustrated when we completed cultural genograms in one CDG seance. One could consider our group to be racially, ethnically and culturally diverse, with members coming from a intermixture of incompatible social economic backgrounds, countries and cultural influences. Several of our group members had also fagged a snatch years living in Afri behind and Asian continents and some speak a number of different languages.Structure of the groupReflecting back I derive the way in which our sessions were structured was very passkey and added a depth to our experience of the Case Discussion group (CDG). Each week two trainees would gravel a case to the rest of the group, with one creation lasting slightly longer than the separate (depending on whether it was a major or minor c ase). Many of the cases that our group members presented were not individual client cases, notwithstanding more systemic situations which we were struggling with. Once the trainee had presented their case they left the group and sat in a different part of the room. This left the remaining group members to discuss their ideas most the case in the ardor of a reflecting circle.I found this experience in of import as it as it gave me insight into how it must feel to have a reflecting team with you when functional as a therapist. Reflecting teams have been used since the 1980s (Anderson, 1987) and are now to be considered a form of therapy in itself. The primary focus of the reflecting team is to generate quadruplex perspectives (White Epston, 1990) for the therapist and client.Without the generation of alternate knowledges, people are perhaps stuck or standing still and cannot play forward with their lives (Dawson et al, 2003 p2).Indeed, when I presented a client who was very stu ck in her unusual beliefs, I recognised that I too was stuck in how I was working with her. Listening to the separate trainees discuss her case do me solve that I needed to be more flexible in my approach to working with her and judge creatively.What was elicit was how incredibly frustrating it mat being sat off from the group and being unable to verbally defend aspects of your work. This make me reflect on how clients whitethorn feel when decisions well-nigh their care are make without them being present. For example, I was recently invited to attend an Assertive Outreach team meeting which involved sixteen other mental health professionals. The purpose was to review a young man who had complex mental health problems and was not complying with his medication routine. It was only at the end of the meeting that I asked why he had not been invited and it became clear that no-one had taken responsibility for communicating with him so he had not even been asked. Reflecting back on this had made me gruelingly aware of the need to work collaboratively with clients, particularly with regards to keeping them informed about decisions or changes in their care.The group cultivateThe get which I feel best encapsulates the process of our CDG is Manors material body- fashion model of group ripeningFigure 1 Model of group development (Manor, 2000)Forming the group and engagement phaseAuthority crisis and the authorisation phaseIntimacy crisis and the mutuality phaseSeparation crisis and the termination phaseIn the first fewer CDG sessions we were primarily concerned with defining the purpose of the group (i.e. what is the group for?), allocating roles (e.g. chair and scribe responsibilities) and defining the leaders position of the facilitator (i.e. Will he tell us what to do?). This is defined as phase 1 in the model and seems to be a perfect account of the confusing and somewhat frustrating governing body period of the group. Each of the subsequent stages of the group involves a crisis period. The second crisis (authority) seems similar to the storming stage in Tuckman and Jensens model of group development (1965) which I identified as a relevant model in my PBL reflective account. In our early CDG sessions there was a power struggle between the facilitator and the trainee group members, in as much as the facilitator seemed to make appriseions in the sessions (e.g. styles of origination for the PBL, topics we should cover) which were opposite to the ideas we had produced.I felt that he was a bit patronising towards us today, he seemed to go against every suggestion that ****** made (3rd CDG session entry)Reflecting back on this entry I wonder whether we ousted him in an attempt to make our cohesion as a trainee group stronger. I also wonder whether we subsequently attempted to create a group away from the group, by arranging social outings for our CDG trainee members and discussing the CDG sessions on the train journey home. Admit tedly there were two strong characters in our group who led these discussions and some who incisively sat there quietly. It is only with hindsight that I realise we were experiencing an authority crisis and our way of regaining power was to reform and bond as a trainee group.The next phase in Manors model is concerned with the intimacy of the group and their ability to open up personalized conversations. For our CDG I dont speculate this happened until about 7 months in. Until this time we were very restrained as a group in discussing personal writes and I noticed we never discussed our own feelings in the CDG sessions. Our strong use of humour may have also been a defence for protecting the group from reaching this phase. I turn back one of the stronger members of the group joking that we were not a group who need to cry over things. I think it was comments like this that made us feel cohesive as a group however it also meant at times I felt unable to disclose my true feelings about an issue for reverence of going against the essence of our group. Interestingly, this recently changed when we completed personal cultural genograms in a CDG session. This was a efflorescence point in our group process as it seemed to break all the intimacy boundaries we had created and allowed certain members to sway their feelings of frustration when discussing certain cases or clinical situations. Our relationship with the facilitator also changed subsequently this point and became more mutual.A major advantage of this model is that it accounts for the group changes over time, particularly with regards to the ending of our group. Reading about the final separation crisis and termination phase reminded me of our last CDG session in July to which only three trainees were present. I recall a strong sense of cultism and despair in the session, and we spent over half of the session talking about the initial problems of the group. This is referred to as re-capitulation in the model and is seen as an attempt to prolong the heart of the group.Given that we knew the group was not truly ending, why did we go through the process of separation crisis? disdain knowing there would be a continuation of our group in the second year of information I think we struggled with being separated from our facilitator. This made me think about how clients must feel when they are about to finish a therapeutic group and the anxiety it must generate. Yalom eloquently describes the benefits from this crisisLearning that I must take ultimate responsibility for the way I live my life no consequence how much guidance and support I get from others (Yalom, 1995 p88)With hindsight it is clear that experiencing the termination of a group process is one of the most valuable stages as it essentially installs a sense of hope and facilitates a handover of responsibility. arrest this model has been an important attainment stage for me as I have been able to use my personal learning of the CDG process and transfer it to my clinical work with groups. At present I am just finishing with three recovery groups for clients on inpatient wards and have used Manors model to help them actualize their own group dynamics.Personal and Professional DevelopmentPersonally, I really valued the opportunity to learn about the different models that other group members were working with as it has helped me broaden my clinical approach. Our facilitator brought systemic view to our sessions, which essentially shaped the discussions we had about clinical cases. Given that most of our lectures and placements were guided by a CBT approach, it felt new and somewhat daunting to be asked questions from a systemic perspective. In my first case presentation regarding a lady who had been emotionally and physically abused as a teenager. I recall the facilitator rise up a discussion with the other trainees about her attachments and role in the family structure. It was fascinating listening to how this changed the confine of the conversation. At first I noticed that the other trainees were trying to problem-solve my case, but this immediately changed and they were generating more heedful and curious conversation which delved into areas I had not even considered. It made me realise the value of thinking about and find outing systems as part of the therapeutic process. Indeed, I have since discovered the benefit of using systemic tools much(prenominal) as Genograms and ecomaps when helping clients talk about and make links to their past.Interestingly, I was initially kinda resistant to thinking in a systemic way and realise I was clutching on to the model which was used in my placement. Writing this report has made me wonder whether the resistance I showed is a duplicate to the resistance often present in multi-disciplinary teams when change is imminent. For example, the service where my placement is has recently adopted the recuperation model (Repper Perkins, 2 003) as a framework for mental health care delivery. later on attending many of their team meetings I realised just how defensive many of the team members felt about this, and they constructed it as just another new fad in the system. It made me realise how resistance can be important in telling us something about the underlying feelings and fears people hold. Similarly, there is evidence to suggest that the role many Psychologists and therapists hold in teams stirs resistance from other health care professionals. Hook (2001) discusses the fear which some staff have regarding the notion of psychological processes, as it can be perceived as a threat to their knowledge. Hook (2001) describes this as mind science versus brain science. True enough the issue of Psychologists integration in teams is one which attracts much attention in reliable health policy writingsStakeholders showed an overwhelming preference for the integration of psychologists within teams but only if psychologist s retained their unique identity and parcel (e.g. offering an authoritative and constructive counter-balance to the medical model) (Department of Health, 2007 p2)With the fast-changing climate of the NHS I realise that the roles of health care professionals are continually adapting and I wonder how resistance and institutional defences will be part of that. These are issues which evolved for me after reflecting on the CDG process, and ones which I will continue to grapple with throughout my training.Another valuable experience for me was learning more about diversity issues and how they can affect the therapeutic relationship. This topic arose after we spent two CDG sessions completing cultural genograms individually and then presented them to the rest of the group. Not only was this an introduction to a profitable clinical tool, but it enabled me to think about what culture really means and how it is different to ethnicity and race. These terms had caused long confusion in our i nitial group discussion about culture, and I did not even realise that they meant different things until our facilitator kindly defined them for us.Thinking about my own cultural identity also made me aware and sensitive to my clients different cultural affiliations. Indeed, Hardy Laszloffy (1995) argues thatTrainees are rarely challenged to examine how their respective cultural identities influence understanding and acceptance of those who are both culturally similar and dissimilar (Hardy Laszloffy, 1995, p227)Most of my current clients come from very different backgrounds to me and some have strong spiritual attachments which influence the way they understand and cope with their mental health difficulty. After completing the genogram in our CDG I reflected in my management sessions on how areas of difference may interplay with the therapeutic relationship. For example, one client I was seeing described herself as a contemporary Christian and her faith meant she constructed her mental health difficulty to be a punishment from God. After reflecting on this in supervision, I realised that there was a big difference in our religious affiliations (I would consider myself to be an atheist), which was affecting my acceptance of her construction. Once I understood this our sessions suddenly shifted and we were able to communicate with her treatment. Furthermore, I now routinely fuck any areas of difference when I first see a client individually and feel this had always had a positive impact on the therapeutic alliance.On a more personal level, writing this account has enabled me to think about what role I vie in the group and what this tells me about my role as a professional in training. As I am writing I am aware that it has been easier for me to write about the group process than think about my own involvement and contributions to it. Upon closer inspection I am curious as to whether my account of the group process reflects the position of the follower. T his role has been well-documented in leadership literature, and the title encapsulates a person who can sometimes be pushed aside by others with regards to leadership decisions (Dvir Shamir, 2003). Certainly my behaviour in the CDG this year fits with this description, and has made me think about how I present myself to my professional network. Whilst this is reclaimable for me to realise, it also feels slightly uncomfortable to acknowledge this, as acknowledgement for me means action should be taken. I refer here to the eloquent linguistic process from Bolton (2001)Reflection is not a cosy process of quiet contemplation. It is an active, dynamic, often threatening process which demands tot involvement of the self and a commitment to action. In reflective practice there is nowhere to hide.In many ways the characteristics of the follower mirrors that in Yaloms (2005) description of the silent client in group therapy. Yalom stipulates that such clients trigger feelings of frustrat ion in other group members but can also be valuable for the group as, silence is never silent (Yalom, 2005). Yalom (2005) asserts that you can find meaning in the here-and-now of their behaviour which informs you about their way of relating with others in the outside world. Learning this made me think about a client whom I used to see who was silent for much of our sessions. I wonder now whether her silence was the most useful piece of information that was available to me, yet I did not recognise that at the time. This is something I will make a conscious effort to think about in future clinical work. nett thoughtsOne of my final thoughts is around the signalise chosen to represent the group experience. I wonder whether it would be more fitting to call the groups, Reflective Practice Groups rather than Case Discussion Groups? The latter name projects an expectation of a more formal and typical structure to the group where one would expect presentation and discussion to be the crux of it. In fact, my experience of the CDG sessions challenges this expectation as the actual time spent focusing on cases was minimal. I personally think that Reflective Practice incorporates thinking about other areas of clinical work which are important and may impact upon our work with clients. For example, thinking systemically about working with staff or critically about organisational stress and the effects this has on clinical work. Reflecting back I realise such issues are pertinent to our development as first years and the groups would be a perfect opportunity to explore and contain them. By changing the name of the groups it would embrace such explorations and because add a reflective element to our practice which simply cannot be satisfied by supervision alone.Finally I feel that the group has added an expansive dimension to my thinking as a trainee psychologist. My expectations of the CDG were continually challenged by my actual experience of it. I found that it enabled me to be more open, more honest and farthest more curious in my clinical work, and for that I am extremely grateful.