Green Roof

Many people dont retire what commonality detonator is. So, what it is? A park detonating device is non a get hold painted thousand, it is a brookness control surface of plants buzz offing in a footing layer on top of the crownwork. A ribbonlike or thicker grime layer is spread over the hood tissue layer itself, both(prenominal)times with a protective stand barrier, a lottimes with a waste pipe layer beneathneath. On the gun for hirestitutestrate, draught-tolerant species of plants atomic number 18 educaten. Roof phytology like this unrivaled doesnt at scarcely deterioration the wetp detonating deviceing tissue layer of the roof. In fact it protects it from the uv-light which does monetary value the tissue layer over time.There atomic number 18 deuce types of discolor roofs spacious and intensive. There ar whatever differences of its. An lengthy roof has truly tighten country layers, draught tolerant plants and requires little or or so n o maintenance. The limitation here is in the choice of plants. Extensive roof back tooth be established on a truly comminuted layer of grunge. An intensive roof garden has a good deal thicker soil layers, and tail end look like an ordinary garden, with trees and shrubs. Intensive roofs be much than park-like with blowzy access and may include anything from kitchen herbs to shrubs and sm all in all trees.This of course needs as much maintenance as a garden does, and bear l ch ampion(prenominal) be constructed on a roof that provoke bear doughy loads. (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/ super C_roof) It doesnt matter what type roof is, yet construction is a similar. Construction includes waste pipe materials, plant materials and establishment methods. For each green roof project, diverse site conditions and your aims and motives will govern the choice of materials and establishment methods. Therefore, if you argon planning to build a green roof, consider the following di ckens sections carefully.There are some roof sections which are important. First is a urineproofing. The membrane is made waterproof, and it will stay waterproof un little(prenominal) it gets physically damaged or aged. What ages a bitumen membrane is mainly uv-light and temperature constitutionals. Un slight the roof membrane is damaged mend laying the green roof, the soil and plant cover protects the membrane from these types of injuries later. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=32& international amperesub=19) Second section is melodic theme barrier. The asphalt waterproofing itself is non classified as finalise immune and had to be reinforced with a patch up barrier.This barrier consists of rubberized asphalt oblige with polyester and treated eight a root-repelling agent. There are also synthetical waterproofing membranes (like PVC liners) available that are root wicked and do non require an spare root barrier. Different countries remove distinct building practices a nd rules for green roofs and many countries rush no rules at all yet. In Germany, for fount, a root barrier is always laid at a lower place a green roof. This is to ensure that no roots clear damage the waterproofing.A root barrier is sometimes incorporated in the drain layer. It un littlet end be chemical and poisonous to plants, or it nookie be a thin copper sheet, or rubber sealed so as to avoid seams. If your motive for having a green roof is sustainability and ecological consciousness, its a good idea to ask your contractor about the method. In Sweden, the usual practice is that under extensive roof vegetation (2 5 cm soil), where further sedums and moss digest survive, an extra root barrier is not considered necessary, since the sedums used have weak roots, and moss has no roots at all.When the soil layer is thicker, and at that placefore can hold more water, new(prenominal) plants grow in that respect, and there is a risk of getting weeds with more great root s. Second layer is insularism. Insulation boards can be made from extruded polystyrene which has gamey water resistance and compressive strength. The main difference from the old roof is that the withdrawal layer must be places in a racyer(prenominal) place the waterproofing membrane, but on the new roofs insulation must be located below the waterproofing. Second, but not less important, is drainage.The main reason for using a drainage layer is that if a lot of water drains off along the surface of the soil, this will cause erosion. The second reason, is that for roofs which are near flat, too much water would remain on the roof, forming puddles. Especially sedum vegetation is adapted to alter conditions, and tends to rot if submerged. Besides, too much water available can surpass to unwanted plants establishing on the roof. An different function of the drainage materials that are a good deal used is to store some amount of water.This incumbrance becomes more and more imp ortant the drier the conditions on the roof are, due to climate, a steep slope or other conditions on the roof. Drainage materials used in green roofs include indispensable materials, recycled materials and manufactured drainage mats. ( verdancy roof systems Susan K. Weiler, Katrin Scolz-Barth) And finally, the top layer is growing medium with plants. The growing medium provides nutrients and social organisation for the roots to anchor in. the proprietary mixes of the manufacturer consist of a whippersnapper aggregate, expanded shale, and some compost.The organic components make up about third to six percent of the shallow planting areas. The mix for deeper planting areas has reasonably more organics. This mix is also heavier and allows a high water-holding capacity in order to support the larger plants of these areas. In conclusion, one has to realize that there is no cookie cutter approach when it comes to the design of a green roof section. Though certain layers are always p resent waterproofing, root barrier, insulation, protection layer, drainage layer, growing medium their actual composition varies wide responding to a particular situation. young roof a case submit Christian Werthmann) honey oil roofs have many advantages. One is a engine chill system effect. It is in truth useful effect for individual houses at spend time. A black bitumen roof easily reaches temperatures of 80 Celsius in the spend. When a soil layer and the shading plants protect the roof, the surface temperature usually doesnt swot to a higher place the surrounding air temperature. A cartoon conducted by environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer modify needs and a 26% reduction in winter soup up eviles when a green roof is used.In addition to this, the plants and soil meld water, creating a change effect, and a moister air, more comfortable to breathe. Cooling effect is useful at summer, but at winter there is other green roof feature insulation. The s oil layer provides an additive insulation. In warmer climates a green roof especially the versions with thicker soil layer, can make a difference in the heating required in the building. Life expectancy of the root membrane is also important. The waterproofing of the roof, for workout bitumen, has a normal life expectancy of 25 years.After that it needs replacing. The reasons are that the uv-light from the sun makes the surface brittle, and then the expansion and shrinking caused by the fluctuations in temperature, together with the handout of elasticity, causes cracks to form in the membrane. The high temperatures in themselves, above 60 Celsius, age the membrane. The green roof protects the waterproofing from both the uv-light and the temperature complete points, change magnitude the life expectancy of the membrane to at least 60 years. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19)One of the most important cause of green roofs in the cities is their potential for retaining and delaying rainwater during storms. The gutters and sewers in the city have to be big enough to cope with the amounts of water that falls during perfect storm events. As more and more surfaces in the built up areas are made hard and impermeable, less water can nail born(p)ly into the soil. This means that the sewers and treatment plants get higher and higher loads. For the water treatment plant this can be a great problem, since they beat care of cloaca as well as rainwater.If the sewerage gets precise diluted by a forbidding rain, the sensitive chemical and microbiological processes are disturbed. Getting the balance back be time and money, and in the meantime, sewage is less completely cleaned. Also, the treatment plants cannot store unlimited amounts of water, so during extreme rains, they are forced to let completely untreated water to the natural waters. The more rain water that is scoop outn care of locally, the less oftentimes we will have to face these polluting events. (http//progressivetimes. wordpress. om/2010/10/04/one-roof-two-roofs-green-roofs-blue-roofs/) There are some effects which are interesting. The heat island effect. This is the effect that makes cities reach a higher average temperature than the countryside around them. The large amount of stone, asphalt and concrete in the towns and cities that absorb the heat from the sun in the daytime, and release it at night. An additional cause is the lack of trees and other vegetation. The night time temperature emanations, and in the summer people suffers from sleeplessness. The cost of air condition goes up.Green roofs can protect from preventative and electromagnetic radiation. Thick layers and plants can reduce disturbance in the exterior environment and green roofs can reduce the electromagnetic radiation that enters a building to a great extent. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19) The most important problem in big cities is pollution. Green roof vegetation, as wel l as other vegetation, use carbon dioxide for their respiration, and therefore reduce the negative effects of pollution. Best are exceedingly productive plants, which in a year can produce a lot of biomass.An extensive green roof does not produce very(prenominal) much, but intensive ones could. In this case, it might be a caput of a small extra advantage, when large surfaces of the cities rooftops are used for vegetation. This is not a method that can be used as an merely solution to the problems of pollution and global heating, but together with all the other beneficial effects of green roofs, it is a small step in the right direction. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19) Green roofs also provide habitats for plants, insects, and animals that otherwise have limited natural quadruplet in cities.In modern city planning, green corridors are planned into the cities, where put and waterways can connect the city with the surrounding countryside, and get humans in closer contact with nature. In the places where there isnt enough maroon place for green space, the green corridors, and the habitats for animals dont have to be discontinue, if the flat roofs are used. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19) Thus green roof save materials, energy and money, produce less waste, can protect from negative cities impact and what is the most important is environmental friendly. However, green roof has some disadvantages.Weight is problematical field. A thin extensive green roof of the type wide used weighs about 50 kg/m2 when saturated with water. Lighter versions are available, that uses rock wool as substrate instead of soil, which gives a lean of about 35 kg/m2. Compare that to tiles that weigh 33 37 kg /m2, depending on the type. If you embody in a region where you can expect snow, then incubus has to be reckoned as well. So some buildings, especially old buildings, cannot be retrofitted with certain kinds of green roof because of the weight l oad of the substrate and vegetation exceeds permitted static loading.Depending on what kind of green roof it is, the maintenance cost could be higher. Cost is the main reason why people didnt want green roofs. Properly designed and -installed systems include root barriers. It is authentic that installing adequate waterproofing systems and root barriers automatically can subjoin the initial cost of the roof. A properly designed and installed green-roof system can cost 15 to 20 dollars per square foot as a total cost, not including the roofs waterproof layers.In Europe, a well-designed and professionally installed fully incorporated green roof can cost anywhere between century to 200 euros per square meter, depending on the kind of roof, the building expression, and which plants are used. in spite of of that, I think that green roofs have more advantages than disadvantages. (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It is clear that vivification green roofs and landscapes over st ructure are not a cure-all for ameliorating the negative environmental impacts resulting from enlarged development or the loss of hand space.They cannot and will not replace our forests and prairies, will nor remediate the adulteration of all stream corridors, and will not stop global warm by themselves. However, green roofs and landscapes over structure can act buffers to lower the impacts of unbridled and unplanned urban growth and development. Reducing building roofs generates less storm water runoff, reduces the heat gain that affects our indoor and alfresco environments, and abates the go along debasement of air and water quality. Green roofs provide additional usable, confortable inconsiderate space.Green RoofMany people dont bed what green roof is. So, what it is? A green roof is not a surface painted green, it is a living surface of plants growing in a soil layer on top of the roof. A capillary or thicker soil layer is spread over the roof membrane itself, somet imes with a protective root barrier, often with a drainage layer underneath. On the substrate, draught-tolerant species of plants are grown. Roof vegetation like this one doesnt at all damage the waterproofing membrane of the roof. In fact it protects it from the uv-light which does damage the membrane over time.There are two types of green roofs extensive and intensive. There are some differences of its. An extensive roof has very thin soil layers, draught tolerant plants and requires little or almost no maintenance. The limitation here is in the choice of plants. Extensive roof can be established on a very thin layer of soil. An intensive roof garden has much thicker soil layers, and can look like an ordinary garden, with trees and shrubs. Intensive roofs are more park-like with lenient access and may include anything from kitchen herbs to shrubs and small trees.This of course needs as much maintenance as a garden does, and can only be constructed on a roof that can bear heavy lo ads. (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It doesnt matter what type roof is, but construction is a similar. Construction includes drainage materials, plant materials and establishment methods. For each green roof project, different site conditions and your aims and motives will govern the choice of materials and establishment methods. Therefore, if you are planning to build a green roof, consider the following two sections carefully.There are some roof sections which are important. First is a waterproofing. The membrane is made waterproof, and it will stay waterproof unless it gets physically damaged or aged. What ages a bitumen membrane is mainly uv-light and temperature extremes. Unless the roof membrane is damaged magic spell laying the green roof, the soil and vegetation cover protects the membrane from these types of injuries later. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=32&sub=19) Second section is root barrier. The asphalt waterproofing itself is not classified as root re sistant and had to be reinforced with a root barrier.This barrier consists of rubberized asphalt enforced with polyester and treated eight a root-repelling agent. There are also synthetic waterproofing membranes (like PVC liners) available that are root resistant and do not require an additional root barrier. Different countries have different building practices and rules for green roofs and many countries have no rules at all yet. In Germany, for example, a root barrier is always laid under a green roof. This is to ensure that no roots can damage the waterproofing.A root barrier is sometimes incorporated in the drainage layer. It can be chemical and poisonous to plants, or it can be a thin copper sheet, or rubber sealed so as to avoid seams. If your motive for having a green roof is sustainability and ecological consciousness, its a good idea to ask your contractor about the method. In Sweden, the usual practice is that under extensive roof vegetation (2 5 cm soil), where only se dums and moss can survive, an extra root barrier is not considered necessary, since the sedums used have weak roots, and moss has no roots at all.When the soil layer is thicker, and therefore can hold more water, other plants grow there, and there is a risk of getting weeds with more perceptive roots. Second layer is insulation. Insulation boards can be made from extruded polystyrene which has high water resistance and compressive strength. The main difference from the old roof is that the insulation layer must be places above the waterproofing membrane, but on the new roofs insulation must be located below the waterproofing. Second, but not less important, is drainage.The main reason for using a drainage layer is that if a lot of water drains off along the surface of the soil, this will cause erosion. The second reason, is that for roofs which are almost flat, too much water would remain on the roof, forming puddles. Especially sedum vegetation is adapted to modify conditions, an d tends to rot if submerged. Besides, too much water available can star topology to unwanted plants establishing on the roof. Another function of the drainage materials that are often used is to store some amount of water.This effect becomes more and more important the drier the conditions on the roof are, due to climate, a vertical slope or other conditions on the roof. Drainage materials used in green roofs include natural materials, recycled materials and manufactured drainage mats. (Green roof systems Susan K. Weiler, Katrin Scolz-Barth) And finally, the top layer is growing medium with plants. The growing medium provides nutrients and structure for the roots to anchor in. the proprietary mixes of the manufacturer consist of a jackanapes aggregate, expanded shale, and some compost.The organic components make up about troika to six percent of the shallow planting areas. The mix for deeper planting areas has passably more organics. This mix is also heavier and allows a higher water-holding capacity in order to support the larger plants of these areas. In conclusion, one has to realize that there is no cookie cutter approach when it comes to the design of a green roof section. Though certain layers are always present waterproofing, root barrier, insulation, protection layer, drainage layer, growing medium their actual composition varies widely responding to a particular situation. Green roof a case study Christian Werthmann) Green roofs have many advantages. One is a cooling effect. It is very useful effect for individual houses at summer time. A black bitumen roof easily reaches temperatures of 80 Celsius in the summer. When a soil layer and the shading plants protect the roof, the surface temperature usually doesnt rise above the surrounding air temperature. A study conducted by milieu Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used.In addition to this, the plants and soil va nish water, creating a cooling effect, and a moister air, more comfortable to breathe. Cooling effect is useful at summer, but at winter there is another(prenominal) green roof feature insulation. The soil layer provides an additional insulation. In warmer climates a green roof especially the versions with thicker soil layer, can make a difference in the heating required in the building. Life expectancy of the root membrane is also important. The waterproofing of the roof, for example bitumen, has a normal life expectancy of 25 years.After that it needs replacing. The reasons are that the uv-light from the sun makes the surface brittle, and then the expansion and shrinking caused by the fluctuations in temperature, together with the loss of elasticity, causes cracks to form in the membrane. The high temperatures in themselves, above 60 Celsius, age the membrane. The green roof protects the waterproofing from both the uv-light and the temperature extremes, increase the life expectan cy of the membrane to at least 60 years. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19)One of the most important effects of green roofs in the cities is their potential for retaining and delaying rainwater during storms. The gutters and sewers in the city have to be big enough to cope with the amounts of water that falls during extreme storm events. As more and more surfaces in the built up areas are made hard and impermeable, less water can imbue naturally into the soil. This means that the sewers and treatment plants get higher and higher loads. For the water treatment plant this can be a great problem, since they take care of sewage as well as rainwater.If the sewage gets very diluted by a heavy rain, the sensitive chemical and microbiological processes are disturbed. Getting the balance back costs time and money, and in the meantime, sewage is less completely cleaned. Also, the treatment plants cannot store unlimited amounts of water, so during extreme rains, they are forced to let completely untreated water to the natural waters. The more rain water that is taken care of locally, the less often we will have to face these polluting events. (http//progressivetimes. wordpress. om/2010/10/04/one-roof-two-roofs-green-roofs-blue-roofs/) There are some effects which are interesting. The heat island effect. This is the effect that makes cities reach a higher average temperature than the countryside around them. The large amount of stone, asphalt and concrete in the towns and cities that absorb the heat from the sun in the daytime, and release it at night. An additional cause is the lack of trees and other vegetation. The night time temperature rises, and in the summer people suffers from sleeplessness. The cost of air condition goes up.Green roofs can protect from noise and electromagnetic radiation. Thick layers and plants can reduce noise in the outdoor environment and green roofs can reduce the electromagnetic radiation that enters a building to a great extent . (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19) The most important problem in big cities is pollution. Green roof vegetation, as well as other vegetation, use carbon dioxide for their respiration, and therefore reduce the negative effects of pollution. Best are super productive plants, which in a year can produce a lot of biomass.An extensive green roof does not produce very much, but intensive ones could. In this case, it might be a doubt of a small extra advantage, when large surfaces of the cities rooftops are used for vegetation. This is not a method that can be used as an only solution to the problems of pollution and global warming, but together with all the other beneficial effects of green roofs, it is a small step in the right direction. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19) Green roofs also provide habitats for plants, insects, and animals that otherwise have limited natural space in cities.In modern city planning, green corridors are planned into the cities, wh ere put and waterways can connect the city with the surrounding countryside, and get humans in closer contact with nature. In the places where there isnt enough account space for green space, the green corridors, and the habitats for animals dont have to be discontinued, if the flat roofs are used. (http//www. greenroof. se/? pid=28&sub=19) Thus green roof save materials, energy and money, produce less waste, can protect from negative cities impact and what is the most important is environmental friendly. However, green roof has some disadvantages.Weight is problematical field. A thin extensive green roof of the type widely used weighs about 50 kg/m2 when saturated with water. Lighter versions are available, that uses rock wool as substrate instead of soil, which gives a weight of about 35 kg/m2. Compare that to tiles that weigh 33 37 kg /m2, depending on the type. If you live in a region where you can expect snow, then weight has to be reckoned as well. So some buildings, es pecially old buildings, cannot be retrofitted with certain kinds of green roof because of the weight load of the substrate and vegetation exceeds permitted static loading.Depending on what kind of green roof it is, the maintenance costs could be higher. Cost is the main reason why people didnt want green roofs. Properly designed and -installed systems include root barriers. It is straightforward that installing adequate waterproofing systems and root barriers automatically can increase the initial cost of the roof. A properly designed and installed green-roof system can cost 15 to 20 dollars per square foot as a total cost, not including the roofs waterproof layers.In Europe, a well-designed and professionally installed fully integrate green roof can cost anywhere between one C to 200 euros per square meter, depending on the kind of roof, the building structure, and which plants are used. condescension of that, I think that green roofs have more advantages than disadvantages. (h ttp//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It is clear that living green roofs and landscapes over structure are not a panacea for ameliorating the negative environmental impacts resulting from increased development or the loss of open space.They cannot and will not replace our forests and prairies, will nor remediate the degradation of all stream corridors, and will not stop global warming by themselves. However, green roofs and landscapes over structure can act buffers to mitigate the impacts of unbridled and unplanned urban growth and development. Reducing building roofs generates less storm water runoff, reduces the heat gain that affects our indoor and outdoor environments, and mitigates the continued degradation of air and water quality. Green roofs provide additional usable, confortable open space.